584 



INSECTA. 



Fam. Notodontidae. Notndoittu ziczac L., J\ r . (Innnedariux L. CnrtTwrampa 

 2>roc<'xxionca L., the caterpillars live on oaks. Harpyia vinula L. (Gabel- 

 schwanz). The caterpillar has pharyngeal gland and two protrusible anal 

 filaments. 



Fam. Bombycidae. Orastropaclia guercifolia L. (Rupferglucke). G. potatoria 

 L.. 6f rubi L., 6f. jihii L., Clisiocampa /ti-nxtr/n L. ; Sinnl>i/.r nmri L. Silk- 

 spinner originally from South Asia, but now bred in South Europe and China 

 on account of the silk obtained from its cocoons. The caterpillar (silkworm) 

 lives on the leaves of the mulberry. (The disease of silkworms, the muscardine. 

 is produced by Jintri/tix Baxsiuna}. 



Fam. Saturnidae. Saturniapyri Borkh. />'. carplni. sjrin-i Borkh., Atttictix 

 cyntJiia, Yumamni. eecrupla cultivated for silk. Aijlla tan L. 



Fam. Psychidse. The caterpillars cany about sacks in which they are trans- 

 formed into pupa;. Psyche atra L., Px. hrl!.r L. The sacs are spirally coiled 

 and have a second lateral opening, and are different in the two sexes. Fumcit 

 nitiiJcUa Hb. 



Fam. Zygaenidas. Zygcsna flipendulce L. 



Fam. Cossidae. The caterpillars live mostly in the medulla of plants, f \iaxtist 

 ligwi/perda Fabr.. awnl-i L., If ej) loins IIHIH nil I>. The caterpillar lives in hop 

 roots. 



Tribe 5. Sphingina (Schwarmer). Lepidopt&ra with elongated body, 

 pointed at the end, and usually a very long rolled proboscis. The 

 anterior wings are long and narrow. The hind wings are short. 

 The antennpe are short, and, as a rule, taper at the points. The wings 

 lie when at rest horizontally on the body and always have a retina- 

 culum. The caterpillars are flat, and provided with an anal horn and 

 sixteen legs. They pass their pupal stage in the earth. The adult 

 insects fly about in the twilight, some species also in the day 



Fam. Sesiadae. St-ata ay'ifm-inls L.. S. lemlcciformlx Hb. 



Fam. Sphingidae. Hawk-moths. Mm-roijloxsa xti-Uutunim L. (Tauben- 

 schwanz), Humming-bird Hawk-moths. 8j>Jtin.r rljx'nor L.. S. porcellvx L. 

 (Weiiischwiirmer), S. Nerii (Oleanderschwiirmer). S. conrolruli L.. Ai-licrontiu 

 atropox L.. death-head. The caterpillar lives on potatoes. Suu-rintJnis -popnl'i 

 L. ( Pappelschwarmer). A tilia L. (Lindenschwarmer), S. on-llntnx L. (Nacht- 

 pfauenauge). Eyed Hawk-moth. 



Tribe 6. Rhopalocera. Day butterflies. Lepidoptera of slender 

 build, usually with brightly coloured wings. The antenna? are club- 

 shaped, or knobbed at the end. The legs are slender. The tibia? of 

 the front legs are short, and sometimes reduced. The Rhopalocera 

 fly by day, and when at rest hold the wings upright, often applied 

 together. The caterpillars have sixteen I'eet, and are either naked or 

 thickly covered with hairs and spines. They develop, for the most 

 part without cocoons and attached to extraneous objects by fibres, 

 into the pupa, which is often of a shining metallic colour. 



