18 BULLETIN 75, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 



by an examination of localities, and, second, by a study of the com- 

 moner species. 



On Bowers Bank, Bering Sea, stations 4767-4775, at a depth of 

 237-771 fathoms, with a bottom temperature of 38.5-36.5, the 

 Albatross collected fourteen species, of which five are Ophiuras and 

 six are Ophiacanthas. OphiopJiolis, Ophiolebes, and Astrochele are 

 each represented by a single species. The Ophiuras (sarsii, leptoctenia, 

 quadrispina, maculata, flage llata) all belong to the typical section of 

 the genus and are very nearly related to each other; leptoctenia and 

 quadrispina are nearer to each other than to any other species, and 

 both are very close to sarsii. The Ophiacanthas (rhachophora, adia- 

 pJiora, atopostoma, normani, bairdi, macrarihra) are less nearly related 

 to each other, but rliachopliora and adiaphora are very closely allied. 



On August 9, southwest of the Goto Islands, Eastern Sea, stations 

 4893-4895, in 95 to 106 fathoms of water, with a bottom temperature 

 of 55.9, a remarkable assemblage of ophiurans was found, twenty-two 

 species in all, representing sixteen genera. Of Ophiozona, two species 

 were taken, but they are not particularly nearly allied, and the same 

 is true of the two species of Ophiothrix. Ophiomyxa, however, is rep- 

 resented by two very closely related but quite distinct species (anisa- 

 cantha and australis). Ophiacantha furnishes four species, of which 

 rliachophora and pentagona are very closely related indeed. 



A week later, at the entrance of Kagoshima Gulf, stations 4933- 

 4937, in 58 to 152 fathoms, with a bottom temperature of 64.8-56, 

 a larger number of ophiurans were found than that at any other 

 place, no less than twenty-nine species being taken there. The list is 

 sufficiently interesting to' warrant giving it here : 



Ophiura micracantha. Ophiacantha granulosa. 



Ophiura stiphra. Ophiacantha lophobrachia. 



Ophiocten charischema. Ophiacantha leucorhabdota. 



Ophiomusium laqueatum. Ophiurases obstrictus. 



Ophiomusium liiikeni. Ophiothrix Icoreana. 



Ophiomusium lunare. Ophiothrix macrobrachia. 



Ophiomusium lymani. Ophiomyxa australis. 



Ophiomusium simplex. Ophiobyrsa synaptacantha. 



Ophiopholis brachyactis. Ophiosyzygus disacanthus. 



Ophiactis dyscrita. Asteroporpa hadracantha. 



Amphiura diomedex. Astroceras pergamena. 



Ophiodoris pericalles. Astrophyton pardalis. 



Ophiomitra polyacantha. Gorgonocephalus caryi. 



Ophiomitra microphylax. Euryale anopla. 

 Ophiocamax polyploca. 



The most remarkable points about this assemblage are the absence 

 of Ophiodermatidse and Ophiocomidse, the ver} r small number of 

 Amphiuridse, and the presence of five species of O-p/tionriixiirm, all 

 rather nearly related to each other. The two species of Ophiura are 



