222 BULLETIN OP THE BUREAU OF FISHERIES. 



Family CELLULAR! I D., Johnston (pars), 1849. 



KEY TO GENERA. 



1 . Zoarium jointed 2 



Zoarium not jointed, vibracular cells very large, placed obliquely on the backs of the zooecia, 



vibracula long Caberea. 



2. Zooecia few, usually 3 or 5, in each internode, elongated and attenuated below, usually a lateral 



sessile avicularium and one or two on the front of the zooecium Menipea. 



Zooecia many in each internode 3- 



3. Vibracula wanting and usually the avicularia also, but occasionally there is a sessile avicularium, 



Cellularia. 



Vibracula and avicularia present, the former small and situated low down on the back of the cell, 

 the latter sessile on the outer edge and often on the front of the cell Scrnpocellana. 



Genus CABEREA Lamouroux, 1816. 

 Caberea ellisii (Fleming). [PI. xxi, fig. 18, i8a, pi. xxxi, fig. 93.] 



Fleming 1828, p. 251 (Flustra ellisii). 

 Verrill and Smith 1874, p. 711. 

 Verrill 18790, p. 29. 

 \Vhiteaves 1901. p. 93. 

 Cornish 1907, p. 76. 



Zoarium more or less fan-shaped, yellowish brown, branches stout, widening upward. Zooecia in 

 2 to 4 rows, short, quadrangular, aperture elliptical, occupying nearly the whole of the front, with a 

 broad margin. Lateral zooecia with two stout spines on the outer side and one on the inner, median 

 cells with one spine on each side. Avicularia of two kinds, the lateral ones small with a rounded 

 mandible and placed a little way below the top of the cell, the other sort raised and rounded and 

 placed below the aperture. Vibracular cells very large, covering very nearly the whole of the back of 

 the zooecia on which they are situated; vibracula very long, toothed, especially near the tip. Ooecia 

 flattened, smooth, or finely striate with radiating lines. 



Occurs in the outer waters of the region, sometimes abundant. Usually attached to shells and peb- 

 bles, but sometimes to other sessile forms. Not taken in Vineyard Sound or Buzzards Bay. 



Genus MENIPEA Lamouroux, 1812. 

 Menipea ternata (Solander). [PI. xxi, fig. 19, pi. xxxi, fig. 96.] 



Solander 1786, p. 30 (Cellaria ternata). 



Desor 1848, p. 66 (Cellularia densa). 



Packard 1867, p. 273. 



Verrill and Smith 1874. p. 711 (?Cellularia iernata). 



Verrill 18793. p. 53 (Cellarina ternata). 



Verrill 18790, p. 28 (Cellularia ternata and var. gracilis). 



Whiteaves 1901, p. 92. 



Cornish 1907, p. 75. 



Zoarium dichotomous, straggling, forming delicate, white, bushy tufts. Internodes usually con- 

 sisting of three cells, but not infrequently five or even seven cells, may be present. Zooecia elongated, 

 much attenuated below, showing much variation in the length of the cell. Two spines are present at 

 the top of the cell, and another, a little separated from these, at the outer margin of the aperture, the 

 shield or scute (a modified spine), more or less developed or occasionally wanting, arches over the 

 aperture. Avicularia of two sorts, a prominent sessile one at the outer upper angle of the cell, and a 

 small one, often wanting, immediately below the aperture. Ooecia somewhat elongated, smooth. 

 Radical fibers simple, arising from the lower parts of the zoarium; long tendril-like structures are com- 



