BRYOZOA OF WOODS HOLE REGION. 255 



Genus VESICULARIA J. V. Thompson, 1830 (pars). 



According to Hincks (1880, p. 512) the genus Vesicularia is characterized by an erect phytoid 

 zoarium, with the zooecia disposed regularly in a single series on one side of the stem. 



? Vesicularia familiaris (Gros). [PI. xxix, fig. 82.] 



Gros, Bull. Soc. Imp. Moscou, t. xxu, p. 567 (Plumatella familiaris). 



Smitt 1865, p. 502 (.Vesicularia familiaris). 



Verrill and Smith 1874, p. 710 (Farrella familiaris Smitt). 



Verrill 18790, p. 28 (Farrella familiaris Gros). 



I must confess that I am at a loss to know how to place the species which Verrill has identified 

 with the above. According to his note in regard to it (1. c., p. 487), it is "a singular and delicate species, 

 which occurs both on the underside of rocks and of algae. The body is small, fusiform, attached by a 

 long and very slender pedicel, flexible. When it surrounds the stems of small algae, the whitish pedicels 

 project outward in all directions, and thus produce the appearance of a delicate chenille cord." If, 

 as one would suspect from the above description, it is a repent form, it can scarcely be a Vesicularia. 

 It has not occurred in our dredgings and I have not seen the species on our coast. Verrill records it 

 from Long Island Sound to Casco Bay. 



Family VALKERIID^ Hincks, 1880. 



Zoarium stolonate, entirely repent or with erect branches, zooecia contracted below, deciduous, 

 tentacles not forming a perfect circle when expanded, as two of the number are bent outward, gizzard 

 absent . 



Genus VALKERIA Fleming (pars), 1823. 



Valkeria uva (Linne). [PI. xxvm, fig. 83, 83a.] 



Linne 1758, p. 812 (Sertularia uva and S. cuscuta). 



Verrill and Smith 1874, p. 709 (Vesicularia cuscuta Thompson). 



Verrill :879C, p. 28 (as Valkeria cuscuta and Vesicularia uva). 



Zoarium repent, sometimes giving off erect shoots, jointed at intervals, branches arising in opposite 

 pairs, zooecia clustered at intervals on the stems. Zooecium small, slender, pointed bclo\v, trans- 

 parent, gizzard absent, two of the eight tentacles characteristically bent outward when expanded. 



This species has not appeared in the collections of our survey of the Woods Hole region, but Verrill 

 has recorded it for Vineyard Sound, as well as from Great Egg Harbor, N. J., and Casco Bay, Me. 



Verrill 's notes (1. c., p. 404-5) indicate the habits of the species as follows: ''A delicate, creeping 

 species, which resembles in miniature the dodder-plant (Cuscuta), and creeps over other bryozoa and 

 hydroids, very much as the dodder creeps over other plants. It occurs both at low water in pools and 

 in shallow water among rocks." 



Family TRITICELLID^ G. 0. Sars, 1873. 



The important characteristic of this family is the presence of a flattened, membranous area, occupy- 

 ing the greater portion of the ventral side of the zooecium. The presence of a gizzard has not, I believe, 

 been noted in this family, but in one species, the " Vesicnlaria armata" of Verrill, such an organ is present. 

 In general, the species of this family are commensal on Crustacea, but certain species spread over sea- 

 weeds and similar surfaces. 



Genus HIPPURARIA Busk, 1874. 



The genus Hippuraria is distinguished from Triticella, which has not yet been noted in American 

 waters, by the clustered arrangement of the zooecia, which in Triticella are scattered singly along the 

 stolon. Our species have the zooecia arranged in pairs at the termination of the internodes. 



