A MONOGRAPH OF THE EXISTING CRINOIDS 295 



No. 4, p. 245 (=Comatula picta Gay), p. 255 (Chile; =braziliensis of Lutken and Rathbun) ; 

 Die Fauna Sudwest-Australiens, vol. 3, Lief. 13, 1911, p. 460 (6-rayed specimens compared 

 with a 7-rayed specimen of Dichromelra tenera (Lamprometra palmata gygesj) ; Smithsonian Misc. 

 Coll., vol. 60, No. 10, 1912, p. 28 (Santos; Rio de Janeiro; off the mouth of the Amazons; Baleiro 

 Island, off the harbor of Victoria; no locality); Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 43, 1912, p. 382 

 (specimen from Rio de Janeiro in the U. S. N. M.), P- 402 (comparison with T. encrinus 

 [=clarki]; Sta. Catarina Island; Rio de Janeiro; detailed descriptions of specimens; 11-armed 

 specimen from Rio; 6-rayed specimens); Crinoids of the Indian Ocean, 1912, p. 23 (littoral, 

 except in the Lesser Antilles), p. 33 (identity); Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 61, No. 15, 1913, 

 p. 40 (published references to specimens in the B. M.; localities). REICHENSPEEGEB, Abh. 

 Senck. naturf. Ges., vol. 35, No. 1, 1913, p. 106 (discussion). A. H. CLARK, Beitrage zur Kennt- 

 nis der Meeresfauna Westafrikas, Echinod. II, Crinoidea, 1914, pp. 309, 313 (range). F. W. 

 CLARKE and WHEELER, U. S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Paper 90-D, 1914, p. 34 and following (inorganic 

 constituents of the skeleton) ; Prof. Paper 102, 1917, p. 20 and following (same). A. H. CLARK, 

 Unstalked crinoids of the Siboffa-Exped., 1918, p. 131 (in key; range); Univ. Iowa Stud. Nat. 

 Hist., vol. 9, No. 5, 1921, p. 7 (range; littoral); Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 72, No. 7, 1921, 

 p. 23 (food). F. W. CLARKE and WHEELEH, U. S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Paper 124, 1922, p. 17 

 (inorganic constituents of the skeleton). A. H. CLARK, The Danish /n0o//-Exped., vol. 4, No. 5, 

 Crinoidea, 1923, p. 39 (range). GISLEN, Ark. Zool., vol. 19, No. 32, 1928, p. 6, No. 23 (notes; 

 notes on the young specimen described by Carpenter as Anledon dubenii). A. H. CLARK, 

 Journ. Linn. Soc. (Zool.), vol. 36, No. 249, 1929, p. 646 (south of Pernambuco). VANEY and 

 JOHN, Trans. Roy. Soc. Edinburgh, vol. 59, pt. 3, No. 24, 1939, p. 665. 



Tropiometra sp. A. H. CLARK, Notes Leyden Mus., vol. 33, 1911, p. 189 ("South Pacific"); Beitrage 

 zur Kenntnis der Meeresfauna Westafrikas, Echinod. II, Crinoidea, 1914, p. 313 (?Fiji; ?Kings- 

 mill Islands). F. W. CLARKE and WHEELER, U. S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Paper 102, 1917, p. 23 

 (percentage of magnesium carbonate in the skeleton) ; Prof. Paper 124, 1922, p. 20 (same, with 

 additional data from specimens from Tobago). BATHER, Nature, vol. 107, No. 2683, 1921, 

 p. 133 (review of Mortensen). GISLEN, Zool. Bidrag Uppsala, vol. 9, 1924, p. 59, footnote 

 (sluggishness; from H. L. Clark). 



Tropiometra encrinus (part) A. H. CLARK, Mem. Australian Mus., vol. 4, 1911, p. 735 (Queensland), 

 p. 780 (no definite Australian records; "South Pacific" possibly Australia; Marshall Islands). 

 Tripiometra carinata PRESTON, Zool. Rec. for 1921, 1923, p. 20 Echin. (editorial error). 

 Tropiometra clarki (part) GISLEN, Kungl. Svenska Vet.-akad. Handl., ser. 3, vol. 17, No. 2, 1938, 

 p. 16 (False Bay; 17 fms.). 



Diagnostic jeatures. The carination of the arms is continued to the tips and is 

 usually well marked, sometimes greatly exaggerated, though sometimes slight; the 

 cirri are XIII-XXXVIII (usually XLX-XXVII), 20-30 (usually 23-24), from 15 to 

 27 (usually 18-20) mm. long; and the arms are up to 180 mm. in length, though seldom 

 exceeding 135 mm. 



Description. The centrodorsal is a thick disk or a short thick column, roughly 

 circular in outline, with a moderately large flat polar area, and the sides slightly con- 

 vergent. The cirrus sockets are arranged in two closely crowded alternating rows. 



The cirri are XX-XXX, 20-30 (though rarely more than 25), from 15 to 20 mm. 

 long. The cirrus segments are all remarkably uniform, all being much broader than 

 long. The cirri are almost circular in section at the base, becoming distally slightly 

 compressed laterally. When viewed laterally the cirri appear to increase slightly in 

 width in the outer half, decreasing again on the terminal two or three segments. The 

 terminal claw is considerably longer than the penultimate segment, which is small, 

 slightly broader than long, smooth dorsally, or with a slight tubercle situated sub- 

 terminally. In the varieties in which the arms are very strongly and sharply carinate 

 there is sometimes a sharp erect opposing spine, never very large, situated subter- 



