A MONOGRAPH OF THE EXISTING CRINOIDS 333 



said that Comatula carinata was the first crinoid known from African waters and 

 mentioned that Pourtales in 1878 and Rathbun in 1879 had discussed at considerable 

 length specimens of Tropiometra carinata from Zanzibar, comparing them with 

 specimens of T. picta from the coast of Brazil. Bell's Antedon capensis was identified 

 as T. carinata, and this species was said to be restricted to the southeastern coast from 

 Mombasa to Capetown, including all the outlying islands, its representative on the 

 west coast, including the islands of St. Helena and Ascension, being T. picta, a 

 species also occurring in the West Indies. A synonymy of Tropiometra carinata was 

 given, together with a list of the localities from which it is known, the bathymetrical 

 range, and the types of bottom on which it is found. In the synonymy were included 

 Dujardin and Hupe^s Comatula bicolor and von Martens's Actinometra Solaris, as 

 well as Bell's Antedon capensis. In the previous year I had examined the specimen 

 from the Seychelles in the Paris Museum labeled Comatula bicolor and a specimen 

 from Madagascar in the Berlin Museum labeled Actinometra Solaris. Tropiometra 

 picta from St. Helena and the American side of the Atlantic and T. encrinus from the 

 Red Sea and eastward were treated as species distinct from T. carinata. I listed 

 Tropiometra picta as occurring in the region embracing the west coast and the out- 

 lying islands of St. Helena and Ascension, remarking that it also occurred in the 

 West Indies. I said that, as far as I could see, specimens from St. Helena were 

 specifically inseparable from others from the opposite coast of South America. Under 

 the heading Tropiometra picta (Gay) I gave a synonymy including Alecto carinata 

 Leach, with a query, Antedon brasiliensis (Liitken) of Verrill and Rathbun, Antedon 

 carinata of Carpenter, in part, and A. dubeni of Carpenter, in part, excluding Bohl- 

 sche's type specimen, which I assigned to the genus Antedon. Gay's original descrip- 

 tion of Comalula picta was reproduced, and it was stated that Gay did not find the 

 species in Chile himself but merely recorded in his work some specimens he had found 

 in the Paris Museum labeled as from Chile while he was engaged in writing his history 

 (see p. 322). I remarked that the coast of Chile has been carefully searched by 

 zoologists over and over again, and no one who has been in that country ever men- 

 tioned the occurrence of crinoids (other than Heliometra [= Florometra]) from personal 

 observation. Dr. Carlos Porter of Santiago assured me (in a personal interview in 

 Paris) that they are never found there. "We must conclude, therefore, either that 

 Valenciennes' specimens were wrongly labeled, or that some other Chile is meant." 

 I said further that the Antedon braziliensis proposed, though not described, by Lutken, 

 which is the same thing as Gay's Comatula picta, and which was subsequently com- 

 pared in considerable detail with Lamarck's Comatula carinata, by Rathbun, has 

 never been recognized; it is a perfectly good species, however, as I had recently been 

 able to assure myself, most obviously differing from carinata in the greater length of 

 the outer cirrus segments. 



In a paper on the crinoids of the Paris Museum published in 191 1, 1 recorded under 

 the name Tropiometra picta (Gay) 11 specimens labeled "Chili; M. Gay, 1829." I 

 wrote: "Cette espece 6tait appele"e Brasiliensis par Ltitken, et e"tait de"crite sous ce 

 nom par Rathbun en 1879." I listed a specimen without locality collected by M 

 Cloue" in 1847, eight specimens from Mauritius, two from Zanzibar, and one'from the 

 Seychelles collected by L. Rousseau in 1841 and labeled Comatula bicolor. Presum- 

 ably this label was the original of the museum name Comatula bicolor listed by Dujardin 



