342 BULLETIN 82, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 



relation of length to breadth is not always the same as is seen by a comparison of the 

 number of segments with the cirrus length. In Reichensperger's opinion Carpenter 

 was quite right in not separating these forms, which appear to be inextricably inter- 

 connected through an infinite number of intergrades. The transitional forms, which 

 are much more numerous than the extreme or typical forms, prove that T. carinata 

 is to be regarded in the sense of Pourtales, Carpenter, and others, as a single specific 

 type of which the enormous geographical range with varying living conditions leads 

 to the formation of varieties and races which in no respect lose their specific character- 

 istics, these at the most becoming modified hi very slight degree. Reichensperger 

 concluded that the attempt to carry out specific division within the carinata type 

 would lead not to an elucidation of, but to obscuring, the mutual interrelationships 

 within this interesting group. 



In my paper on the crinoids of west Africa published in 1914, I listed Tropiometra 

 indica, saying that it occurred at Ceylon and in the adjacent portions of southern 

 India. 



In 1915 Dr. Hubert Lyman Clark recorded and described as Tropiometra indica 

 a specimen from Ceylon. He had at first regarded this specimen as a representative 

 of a new species, but at my suggestion, he decided to record it as indica. 



In my memoir on the unstalked crinoids of the Siboga expedition published in 

 1918, I included indica in the key to the species of the genus Tropiometra, giving as 

 the range Ceylon and southern India and eastward to Oceania. In a paper on a 

 collection of criuoids from the Indian Ocean and the Bay of Bengal published in De- 

 cember 1932, 1 gave Tropiometra indica as occurring at Ceylon (Gulf of Manaar and 

 western coasts), Tuticorin, Madras Presidency, India, and Neendakara Bar, Tra van- 

 core State, India. A specimen from the last-mentioned locality was recorded and 

 described. 



TROPIOMETRA CARINATA AUDOUINI A. H. Clark 



PLATE 35, FIGURES 185, 186; PLATE 39, FIGURE 202 



[Comatula sp.] AUDOUIN, in Savigny, Description de PEgypte, 1817, 1826, p. 205, Echinodermes, 



pi. 1, figs. 2.1, 2.2, 2.3 (disk; cirrus; part of an arm). A. H. CLARK, Amer. Nat., vol. 43, 1909, 



p. 254 (identified as T. carinala [audouini]) ; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 40, 1911, p. 1 (identified 



as T. encrinus [audouini]); Crinoids of the Indian Ocean, 1912, p. 2 (same). 

 Comatula carinata (part) VON MARTENS, Von der Decken's Reise in Ost-Africa, vol. 3, 1869, p. 129 



(Red Sea). 

 Antedon sp. MOSELEY, Quart. Journ. Micr. Sci., vol. 17, 1877, p. 8 (Suez; coloring matter). MAC- 



MUNN, Quart. Journ. Micr. Sci., vol. 30, 1890, p. 55 (coloring matter; from Moseley). NEW- 



BIGIN, Colour in nature, 1898, p. 135 (color). 

 Antedon carinata (part) P. H. CARPENTER, Bull. Mus. Cornp. Zool., vol. 9, No. 4, 1881, p. 157 (Red 



Sea and Aden); Challenger Reports, Zoology, vol. 26, part 60, 1888, pp. 200, 203 (Red Sea; 



Aden; Muscat; characters). HARTLAUB, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool., vol. 27, No. 4, 1912, p. 374 



(Red Sea; Muscat; discussion). 

 Tropiometra carinata A. H. CLARK, Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 50, pt. 3, 1907, p. 349 (in part); 



Amer. Nat., vol. 43, 1909, p. 254 (known from the Red Sea since 1817), p. 255 (not reported by 



Chad wick) . 

 Tropiometra encrinus (part) A. H. CLARK, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 40, 1911, p. 1 (identification 



of Audouin's record), p. 9 (northeastern coast of Africa), p. 36 (Red Sea; Aden; Suez); Crinoida 



of the Indian Ocean, 1912, p. 2 (identification of Audouin's record), p. 177 (Muscat; Aden; 



Tor, Red Sea; Red Sea; Suez). 



