MONOGRAPH OF THE EXISTING CRINOIDS. 

 Earliest crinoidx. 



183 



The study of the true significance of the various structures possessed by the 

 recent crinoids necessitated a similar study of the same structures in many fossil 



FIG. 115. 



FIG. 116. 



FIG. 117. 



Fio. 118. 



FIGS. 115-118. 115, LATERAL VIEW OF A YOUNG SPECIMEN OF THAUMATOCRINUS KENOVATUS FROM SOUTH OF AUSTRALIA; THE 

 RAYIN THE FOREGROUND IS THE LEFT POSTERIOR (AFTER I'. II. CARPENTER). 116, LATERAL VIEW OF A YOUNG SPECIMEN 

 OF THAUMATOCRINUS RENOVATUS FROM SOUTH OF AUSTRALIA, SHOWING, INTHE CENTER. THE ANALINTERRADIUS ANI> THE 

 ANAL PROCESS (AFTER 1'. H. CARPENTER). 117, VENTRAL VIEW OF THE CENTRAL PORTION OF A YOUNG SPECIMEN OF TllAU- 

 MATOCRINUS RENOVATUS FROM SOUTH OF AUSTRALIA, SHOWING THE LARGE ORALS. THE FLATI.XG OF THE DISK BEYOND THE 

 ORALS, THE INTERRADIALS, AND THE ANAL PROCESS (AFTER P. H. CARPENTER). 1 IS, LATERAL VIEW OF A YOUNG SPECIMEN 

 OF THAUMATOCRINUS HENOVATUS FROM SOUTH OF AUSTRALIA; THE RAY IN THE FOREGROUND is THE LEFT ANTERIOR (AFTER 

 P. H. CARPENTER). 



types, and the further this study progressed the more it was impressed upon mo 

 that the palasontological succession of crinoid types is not at all to he trusted in 

 matters of crinoid phylogeny, except possibly on the basis of broad averages. 



