44 BULLETIN 82, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM VOLUME 1 



Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., vol. 39, 1911, pp. 559-560 (Toxometra, nov.); Smithsonian Misc. Coll., 

 vol. 60, No. 10, 1912, pp. 29, 31 (Euantedon, nov.); Crinoids of the Indian Ocean, 1912, p. 6 

 (East Indian genera common to Atlantic; genera allied to Atlantic genera; exclusively East 

 Indian genera; number of East Indian species), p. 25 (detailed distribution; corresponds in 

 many ways to the Comasteridae or Himerometridae of the Oligophreata; 0-78 fathoms in the 

 East Indies, 146-163 fathoms in the Hawaiian Islands), p. 61 (in key); Bull. Inst. Oce"anogr. 

 Monaco, No. 294, 1914, p. 7 (temperature relations); Internat. Rev. gesamt. Hydrobiol. und 

 Hydrogr., vol. 6, 1914, p. 5 and following (Atlantic and corresponding Indo-Pacific genera); 

 Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 4, No. 19, 1914, pp. 559-563 (correlation of geographical 

 and bathymetrical ranges); No. 20, p. 582 (relation to temperature of habitat); vol. 5, No. 4, 

 1915, pp. 126-134 (bathymetrical range; phylogenetical and paleontological significance); Amer. 

 Journ. Sci., vol. 40, 1915, p. 67 (detailed discussion of the bathymetrical range); Journ. Wash- 

 ington Acad. Sci., vol. 7, No. 5, 1917, p. 127 (includes Antedon, Compsometra, Mastigometra, 

 Euantedon, Toxometra, Dorometra, Eumetra, Iridometra, Hybometra, Andrometra, and Argyro- 

 metra); No. 16, 1917, p. 504 (in key), p. 505 (key to the included genera); Unstalked crinoids 

 of the Siboga Exped., 1918, p. 196 (in key), p. 197 (key to the included genera); Univ. Iowa, 

 Studies in Nat. Hist., vol. 9, No. 5, 1921, p. 12 (represented in the West Indies); Smithsonian 

 Misc. Coll., vol. 72, No. 7, 1921, p. 2. GISLEN, Nova Acta Reg. Soc. Sci. Upsaliensis, ser. 4, 

 vol. 5, No. 6, 1922, pp. 10, 124, 130, 139, 147; Zool. Bidrag Uppsala, vol. 9, 1924, pp. 31, 91, 

 231, 232, 239. MORTENSEN, Handbook of the echinoderms of the British Isles, 1927, p. 26 

 (in key), p. 27. A. H. CLARK, Journ. Linn. Soc. (Zool.), vol. 36, 1929, p. 658; Temminckia, 

 vol. 1, 1936, p. 315. GISLEN, Kungl. Fysiogr. Sallsk. Lund Forh., vol. 8, No. 1, 1937, p. 1; 

 Kungl. Svenska Vet.-Akad. Handl., ser. 3, vol. 17, No. 2, 1938, pp. 15, 21. A. H. CLARK, 

 Mem. Soc. Cubana Hist. Nat., vol. 14, No. 2, 1940, pp. 139, 143. CDENOT, in Grasse, Traite de 

 zoologie, vol. 11, 1948, p. 71. GISLEN, Rep. Swedish Deep Sea Exped., vol. 2, Zool., No. 4, 

 1951, p. 55 (absent below 1,000 meters); Atlantide Rep., No. 3, 1955, p. 87 (Compsometra a 

 synonym of Antedon). 

 Antedonines A. H. CLARK, Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, No. 4, 1911, p. 256. 



Diagnosis. A subfamily of Antedonidae in which the cirrus sockets are closely 

 and irregularly crowded or arranged in more or less regular alternating transverse 

 rows (never in columns) on a discoidal to hemispherical or even rounded conical centro- 

 dorsal; the cirri, though of very variable length, are usually short with rarely more 

 than 25 and never with more than 33 segments of which the distal are entirely without 

 dorsal spines or other processes except for the opposing spine, which is rarely absent; 

 and P! is rarely composed wholly or mostly of numerous short segments. The seg- 

 ments of the genital pinnules are never expanded. 



Geographical range. From southwestern and southern Japan as far eastward as 

 Tokyo Bay to the Hawaiian, Society, and Tonga Islands, northern New Zealand, 

 and the southern coast of Australia, and westward to the eastern coast of Africa from 

 Suez to the Cape of Good Hope; from the Gulf of Guinea to Norway and Iceland, 

 including the Mediterranean Sea and the Sea of Marmora, and from the Caribbean 

 Sea to Rio de Janeiro. 



Bathymetrical range. From the low tide mark, and even tide pools, down to 932 

 meters. 



The species of this family for the most part are inhabitants of shallow water. 

 Of the 10 included genera only 4 (Argyrometra, Eumetra, Iridometra and Andrometra) 

 are not known to occur along the shore line, and all of these have been taken within 

 80 meters of the surface. 



Characters. The centrodorsal in the Antedoninae shows considerable variation; 

 while it is most frequently low hemispherical to almost discoidal with a comparatively 

 large bare polar area and the cirrus sockets arranged in two, and a partial third, 



