128 BULLETIN 82, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM VOLUME 1 



In 1907 the present author restricted Antedon to practically the equivalent of 

 Carpenter's "Tenella group," and still further restricted it by the segregation of addi- 

 tional genera in 1908 and in 1914. 



A few generic names, synonyms of Antedon, have been proposed based upon 

 misconceptions. J. V. Thompson's Pentacrinus europaeus, described in 1827, which 

 is the young of Antedon bifida, was made by Fleming in 1828 the type of the genus 

 Hibernula, for which the substitute name Phytocrinus was proposed by de Blainville 

 in 1830. In 1834 J. E. Gray described a detached centrodorsal of Antedon bifida 

 under the name of Ganymeda pulchella, considering it as representing a new kind of 

 echinoderm. 



Linck's generic name, dating from 1733, appeared in post-Linnean time in various 

 forms, Decacnemos, Decacnemus, Decacnimos, Decameros, etc., but all these are of 

 later date than Antedon. * 



Acknowledgments. For assistance in the preparation of the following pages 

 dealing with the various species of Antedon I am under heavy obligations to a number 

 of my colleagues. 



The manuscript of the section pertaining to A. petasus was examined for me by 

 Dr. James A. Grieg of the Bergen Museum, who went to a very great deal of trouble 

 in identifying localities and in checking up my statements. It is not too much to 

 say that Dr. Grieg deserves to be regarded as a co-author of this section, for with- 

 out the information which he placed at my disposal, accumulated through years of 

 personal contact with this species in life, my account of it would have been quite 

 inadequate. 



The manuscript of the section dealing with A. bifida was read for me by Sir Sidney 

 Harmer and by Dr. F. A. Bather of the British Museum; by Dr. E. J. Allen and Dr. 

 J. H. Orton of the Marine Biological Association at Plymouth; and by Sir William 

 Herdman of Liverpool. To all these gentlemen I am most deeply indebted for criti- 

 cism and advice, especially to Sir William Herdman and Dr. Orton, who were both 

 so generous as to provide me with unpublished information for inclusion. To Mr. 

 James Chumley of Glasgow and to Mr. Herbert C. Chadwick of Port Erin, Isle of 

 Man, I am indebted for most excellent series of specimens, and to Mr. Chumley and 

 to Mr. Richard Elmhirst of Millport, for detailed information regarding its occurrence 

 in the Clyde area. 



In the preparation of the account of A. mediterranea I have had the invaluable 

 cooperation of Professors Rene Koehler and Clement Vaney of the University of 

 Lyon, while Prof. William T. M. Forbes, formerly of Robert College, Constantinople 

 (Istanbul), was so kind as to furnish me with unpublished information concerning 

 the occurrence of this species near that city. 



[NOTE BY A.M.C.] In the key which follows, rewritten after receipt of Gislen's 

 paper synonymizing Compsometra and Antedon, I have had to resort to a geographical 

 distinction to support the separation of those species, formerly included in Compso- 

 metra, with relatively shorter cirrus segments, from the Atlantic species of Antedon 

 of like case. A comparison of specimens of loveni, the type species of Compsometra, 

 with similarly small ones of Antedon bifida, the type of Antedon, shows an extraor- 

 dinary resemblance between the two and supports Gislen's proposal. The pinnule 



*For validation of Antedon see 1957, in Addenda (p. 835). 



