PART 5 



A MONOGRAPH OF THE EXISTING CRIXOIDS 



155 



distinct lateral flanges on each first brachial leading from less marked flanges on the divi- 

 sion series as hi A. mediterranea. Between the adjacent IBrj are triangular calcareous 

 patches on the perisome as in the specimens described above. PI is usually much 

 stouter than the other pinnules, 10 to 12 mm. long and with 18 to 25, usually about 20, 

 segments. P2, with 11 or 12 segments, is about 5 mm. long. P 3 is similar in length but 

 has 11 to 14 segments. The cirri are long and slender, mostly preserved in the extended 

 condition in contrast to those of specimens of A. bifida moroccana and not markedly 

 widened dorsoventrally in the distal part. Some measurements are given in the follow- 

 ing tabulation for comparison with those of Antedon bifida bifida and bifida moroccana 

 in table 6 on p. 95. 



TABLE 3. Measurements of some of the peripheral cirri of one specimen of A. hupferi from off Accra 

 and six from Sierra Leone (the largest have the length IBr t to Br<, about 7 mm.) 



i 22 s.u. = l mm., as in table 6on p. 95. 



' Range of A:B in 7 specimens from 1.25-1.50:1, average 1.36:1. 



The greatest number of cirrus segments found was 18, of which the longest proximal 

 ones are two to two and a half times as long as their median width and the distal ones 

 are also longer than wide. The cirri as a whole are more like those of A. mediterranea 

 than of A. bifida moroccana, particularly those of the Sierra Leone specimens. 



My conclusion that moroccana and hupferi are distinct is contrary to that of Gislen 

 (1955), who had extensive material from the Canary Islands and from fourteen At- 

 lantide stations and others round the Gulf of Guinea and off West Africa. In addition 

 he examined the Copenhagen Museum specimens named moroccana by Mr. A. H. 

 ( 'lark. He concluded from these that only a single species is represented in the area and 

 decided also that it is indistinguishable from the West Atlantic Antedon duebeni. 

 Nevertheless I am not convinced that hupjeri, with more slender and relatively longer 

 cirri and coming from localities south and southeast of Sierra Leone, is untenable, 

 whether or not moroccana is distinct from duebeni. Gislen's figures 3 and 4 show long 

 slender cirri from a specimen from off Nigeria and short, distally broadened, ones from 

 another off Gambia. However, the specimens shown in his figures 10 and 11 from a 

 station off Freetown, Sierra Leone, also seem to have cirri of the moroccana type. 



I have recently been able to examine some of these Atlantide specimens myself 

 and still remain unconvinced by Gislen's contention concerning the identity of hupjeri 

 and moroccana, although the geographical limits between them are not sharply defined. 

 In the vicinity of Sierra Leone and Liberia some of the specimens are intermediate 

 with regard to the shape of the cirri and the profile of the arms (serrated or smooth, 

 according to the degree of flaring of the brachials). The specimens from stations 68 



556-622 67- 



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