PART 5 A MONOGRAPH OF THE EXISTING CRINOIDS 215 



shay, 1912). Several specimens were taken from the bottom of a coal hulk in the 

 Cattewater, off Turuchapel (A. J. Smith; S. Pace). Calderwood (1889) reported it as 

 abundant off the Mallard Buoy, and Mason (1876) found it abundant between "Mount 

 St. Edgecumbe and Dukes Island" (presumably Mount Edgecumbe and Drake's 

 Island) in June 1876, on a rocky bottom in about IS meters. 



In a letter to me Dr. J. H. Orton wrote that on the gates of the Great Western 

 docks at Millbay at depths of only a few meters below low water mark this species 

 occurs in great abundance, and it is occasionally found on the piles of the western wharf, 

 Millbay docks. Young individuals occur seasonally on the under surface of rafts, and 

 in several seasons attained an arm length (measured from the attachment of the disk) 

 of from 30 to 42 mm. 



Among the Channel Islands this species is fairly common (Kochler, 1SS5) or 

 even abundant (Hornell, 1895; Sharp, 1908) in deep water whence it is brought up 

 by fishermen (Koehler, 1885). It has been recorded from Jersey (Koehler, 18*5; 

 Hornell, 1895), from Bordeaux and Castle Cornet, Guernsey (Sharp, 1908), and from 

 Herm at the low tide mark (A. H. Clark, 1913). 



On the Atlantic coast of France, says Professor Rene Koehler (1921), this species 

 is found at low tide among the algae and beneath rocks. 



It is recorded as abundant at Pont du Coll, in Picardy (Parkes, 1891), and it 

 is common in the large pools in the rocks at Men Cren (Th. Barrois, 1882). 



A detailed account of its occurrence about Roscoff, as described by Professor 

 H. de Lacaze-Duthiers has already been given (part 2, pp. 599-601). In 1872 Pro- 

 fessor E. Perrier found that the feather stars inhabited the whole region before lie 

 Vert, between that island and the lie de Bas, both to the east and to the west. On 

 the east they literally covered the bases of the seaweeds. That year he found them 

 to the west, though somewhat less abundantly, a little to the left and almost opposite 

 the black buoy of Per-Roch. In two tides he was able to obtain here nearly 300, 

 without counting a quantity of young in all stages of development, including the 

 youngest pentacrinoids. Only immediately below the Himanthalia lorea zone are 

 they very abundant, attached to the large algae or to the brown and curled Fucus 

 which abounds at their bases. At Roscoff there is great variation in the numbers 

 of this species from year to year (Gravier). 



In northern Portugal, Nobre (1903) says that it occurs at Povoa de Varzim, 

 where it is brought up on the fishermen's nets. It is common between IS and 37 

 meters at Lega da Palmeira, and was also found at 55 meters. Some years previously 

 lie took a specimen on one of the quays at Leixoes. 



In the vicinity of Lisbon, Dr. R. Greeff (1882) found this species repeatedly at 

 the bathing establishment opposite the Caes de Jodre among the tufts of hydroids 

 and polyzoaris encrusting the piling. He also found it in the Tejo under the Torre 

 da Belem, at ebb tide, under stones at tide level. It is rare below the cliffs of the 

 Portinho. 



[NOTE BY A.M.C.] In the thirty or more years since this account was written, 

 Antedon bifida has been recorded from many localities within the already known range, 

 notable among them being Bassindale's from the island of Skomer, off the Pembroke- 

 shire coast; Williams' from Strangford Lough in northeast Ireland; Cherbonnier's from 

 the vicinity of the Roscoff Marine station, and those of Nobre and Elias da Costa from 

 Portugal. 



