PAST 5 A MONOGRAPH OF THE EXISTING CRINOIDS 427 



acters appear to me to be concomitant with size, as has already been shown to some 

 extent by the larger specimens of mawsoni taken by the Discovery Investigations and 

 B.A.N.Z.A.R.E. around the Antarctic continent. 



A comparison of table 12 with table 9 on page 337 for Florometra mawsoni, shows 

 many similarities between the smaller specimens of S. antarctica from Heard Island 

 (the types of australis) and specimens of mawsoni of comparable size. Nevertheless 

 I think the two species are quite distinct, larger specimens exhibiting greater divergence 

 of characters, such as the relative arm width. This is discussed further under the 

 heading of F. mawsoni. 



Localities. Challenger station 150; near Heard Island (lat. 5204' S., long. 7122' 

 E.); 274 meters; temperature 1.78 C.; coarse gravel; February 2, 1874 [P. H. Carpen- 

 ter, 1888; A. H. Clark, 1913] (4, B.M.). 



Challenger station 151; near Heard Island (lat. 5259'30" S. long. 7333'30" E.); 

 137 meters; volcanic mud; February 7, 1S74 [P. H. Carpenter, 1888; A. H. Clark, 

 1913] (4, M.C.Z., 3, B.M.). Type locality. 



Doubtful localities [A.M.C.]. Aurora (Australasian Antarctic Expedition) station 

 3; Adelie Land (lat. 6632' S., long. 141 39' E.); 287 meters; temperature -1.62 C.; 

 ooze; December 31, 1913 [A. H. Clark, 1937] (5, U.S.N.M., E. 3072). 



Aurora station 1; Adelie Land (lat. 6650' S., long. 14206' E.); 640-731 meters; 

 temperature 1.84 C.; thick ooze; December 22, 1913 [A. H. Clark, 1937] (2, 

 U.S.N.M., E. 3073). 



Aurora; no definite locality [A. H. Clark, 1937] (3, Austr. M.). 



These three Aurora records should probably be referred to Florometra mawsoni. 



Geographical range. Heard Island, to the south of Kerguelen and (?) from Adelie 

 Land. 



Bathymetrical range. From 137 to 274 (?731) meters. 



History. This species was first mentioned by Dr. P. H. Carpenter in two papers 

 published in 1880, in which he described and figured the centrodorsal and radials. In 

 one of these papers he referred to it simply as Antedon, sp., while in the other he called 

 it Antedon antarctica. In 1883 Carpenter published a specific formula for Antedon 

 antarctica, and in another paper published in the same year he discussed the relations 

 of the vascular system. 



In the report on the Challenger cornatulids Carpenter described and figured An- 

 tedon antarctica comparing it in great detail with Heliometra glacialis. He said that 

 this is no doubt the species to which Sir Wyville Thomson referred when he stated 

 that Antedon eschricftti [=Heliometra glacialis] had been obtained in the Southern 

 Ocean. He gave no reference to Sir Wyville's statement and I cannot find that such 

 a statement by him ever appeared in print. He did not mention any erinoid from 

 Heard Island in any of his letters written from on board the Challenger, or in his book 

 on the Atlantic. The statement must therefore have been made in an unpublished 

 letter to Dr. W. B. Carpenter, or in notes taken on the cruise which subsequently 

 came into P. H. Carpenter's hands. 



Following the description of Antedon antarctica in the Challenger report, there is 

 described Antedon australis, the latter being based upon 7 mutilated specimens and 

 one very young that were dredged not far from the locality off Heard Island which 

 yielded the specimens of Antedon antarctica. Antedon australis is simply the young 

 of A. antarctica. 



