432 BULLETIN 82, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM VOLUME 1 



collections), p. 87 (Kerguelen and Heard Islands); Res. Voy. Belgica, 1897-1899, Crinoidea, 1937, 

 p. 9 (synonymy; descriptive remarks); Discovery Reports, vol. 18, 1938, p. 123 (listed), p. 124 

 (nearly two-thirds of Antarctic specimens are of this species), p. 129 (in distribution table), p. 131 

 (known from Kerguelen and Heard Islands as well as the Antarctic; in key) p. 133 (synonymy; 

 station list), pp. 134-144 (history; synonyms; full description with variations), pp. 200-202 

 (pentacrinoid larvae); fig. 1, p. 136 (cirri); fig. 2, p. 138 (brachials), pi. 3, fig. 1; Rep. B.A.N.Z. 

 Antarctic Res. Exped. 1929-1931, ser. B, vol. 4, pt. 6, 1939, p. 191 (Kerguelen is type locality), 

 pp. 196, 197 (stations; synonyms; variations in number of arms). JAGEBSTEN, Nova Acta Reg. 

 Soc. Sci. Upsaliensis, ser. 4, vol. 11, No. 8, 1940, p. 6 (myzostome parasite). A. H. CLARK, Journ. 

 Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 40, No. 10, 1950, p. 335 (references; localities; notes). VINOGRADOV, 

 Mem. Sears Found. Mar. Res., vol. 2, 1953, p. 256 (composition of skeleton). HTMAN, The 

 invertebrates, vol. 4, Echinodermata, 1955, p. 113 (most common Antarctic species). MADSEN, 

 Sci. Res. Norwegian Antarctic Exped., No. 37, 1955, p. 3 (localities). TORTONESE, Ann. Mus. 

 Civ. Stor. Nat. Genova, vol. 68, 1956, p. 182 (in Tortonese collection from Banzare station 107). 



Promachocrinus kerguellenensis PERKIER, Nouv. Arch. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, ser. 2, vol. 9, 1886, 

 p. 150; Me'moire sur 1'organisation et le developpement de la comatule de la Me'diterrane'e, 1886, 

 p. 102 (anatomy). 



Promachocrinus kerguelenensis PERRIER, Me'moire sur 1'organisation et le developpement de la coma- 

 tule de la Mediterranee, 1886, p. 106 (sacculi); Trait<5 de Zoologie, 1893, p. 858. BELL, National 

 Antarctic Exped., Nat. Hist., vol. 4, Echinod., 1908, p. 3 (Discovery; east end of Barrier, 100 

 fms.; off Coulman Id., 100 fms.; Whiter Quarters). A. H. CLARK, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 

 vol. 22, 1909, p. 17 (unsatisfactory record of this species in the Discovery report). 



Antedon VANHOFFEN, Zeitschr. Ges. Erdkunde, 1904, p. 369 (golden yellow or violet). 



Crinoid HODGSON, Geogr. Journ., vol. 25, No. 4, 1905, p. 397 (found by the Discovery abundantly 

 everywhere just beyond the 100 fm. line). LENDENFELD, Biolog. Centralbl., vol. 25, No. 17, 

 Sept. 1, 1905, p. 575 (from Hodgson). 



Promachocrinus vanhoffenianus MINCKERT, Zool. Anz., vol. 28, 1905, pp. 493, 496 (description and 

 discussion; lat. 6602'09" S., long. 8938'00" E., 350-400 meters; Gauss); figs. 1, 2, p. 497. 

 A. H. CLARK, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., vol. 34, 1908, p. 267 (in Promachocrinus as restricted by 

 Minckert), p. 315 (regeneration of the cirri as in Tropiometra afra; from Minckert). VANEY, 

 Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat., Paris, No. 3, 1910, p. 161 (history; comparison with P. joubini). HART- 

 LAUB, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool,, vol. 27, No. 4, 1912, pp. 485, 486 (discussion). A. H. CLARK, 

 Die Crinolden der Antarktis, 1915, p. 132 (detailed discussion; synonym of P. kerguelensis). 

 GRIEG, Bergens Mus. Aarb., 1929, No. 3, p. 4 (identity). 



Promacochrinus kerguelenensis BELL, National Antarctic Exped., Nat. Hist., vol. 4, Echinod., 1908, 

 p. 16. 



Antedon antarctica (not of P. H. Carpenter, 1880) BELL, National Antarctic Exped., Nat. Hist., 

 vol. 4, Echinod., 1908, p. 4, (Discovery; Winter Quarters); British Antarctic (Terra Nova) Exped., 

 1910, Nat. Hist. Rep., Zool., vol. 4, No. 1, 1917, p. 2 (Terra Nova Stas. 194, 295). 



Promachocrinus joubini VANEY, Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat., Paris, No. 3, 1910, pp. 158-161 (Biscoe Bay, 

 lat. 64 S.,; detailed description and comparisons); figs. 1 (cirrus) and 2 (centrodorsal and prox- 

 imal part of an arm pair), p. 159. A. H. CLARK, Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat., Paris, No. 4, 1911, p. 

 245; Die Crinolden der Antarktis, 1915, p. 133 (discussion; synonym of kerguelensis). GRIEG, 

 Bergens Mus. Aarb., 1929, No. 3, p. 4 (identity). 



Solanometra antarctica (part) A. H. CLARK, Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 61, No. 15, 1913, p. 61 

 (Discovery: Winter Quarters; Mts. Erebus and Terror). 



Promachocrinus (Promachocrinus) kerguelensis A. H. CLARK, Die Crinotden der Antarktis, 1915, p. 

 105 (collected by the Challenger), p. 106 (collected by the Discovery, Gauss and Francais), p. 128 

 (synonymy; includes vanhoffenianus and joubini; Gauss station, 350-400 meters; 1.85 C.; 

 33 per m.; re'sume' of previous records; detailed discussion of the specimens and of the species; 

 56% of the Gauss specimens abnormal), pi. 3, figs. 1-4, pi. 4, figs. 2, 3, pi. 5, figs. 1-10 [specimen 

 from 400 meters, 15.11.03, bottom of p. 130, and pi. 4, figs, la, b = Florometra mawsoni]. 



Promachoerinus kerguelenensis GISLEN, Zool. Bidrag Uppsala, vol. 9, 1924, p. 53. 



Description. The centrodorsal is conical with the tip pointed or somewhat blunted 

 in the most highly developed individuals, reaching 7 mm. in diameter at the base and 



