PART 5 A MONOGRAPH OF THE EXISTING CRINOIDS 447 



The German South Polar Expedition \vith the Gauss, working between 1901 and 



1903 in the vicinity of Gaus.sberg, found this species in abundance in all stages. In 



1904 Professor Vanhoffen, referring to it as "Antedon," remarked that in life it is 

 golden yellow or violet, and in 1905 Dr. Wilhelm Minckert, identifying Vanhoffen's 

 Antedon as Promachocrinus , described a new species, Promachocrinus vanhoffenianus , 

 based on specimens from the Gauss collection. 



The Discovery, during Scott's first expedition, working in the Ross Sea, a district 

 remote from any region where crinoids had previously been discovered, also secured 

 this form. In April 1905, Hodgson wrote that on this expedition "a crinoid was 

 found abundant everywhere just beyond the 100 fathom [183 meter] line"; this crinoid 

 was undoubtedly the present species. The material from the Discovery expedition was 

 recorded by Prof. F. J. Bell under the names Promachocrinus kerguelenensis and Antedon 

 antarctica in 1908. 



The expedition of the Frangais under Dr. Charcot in 1903-05 to the region south 

 of Tierra del Fuego brought back a single specimen of a species of Promachocrinus, 

 which was described as new by Prof. C. Vaney in 1910 under the name of P.joubini. 



Dr. Clemens Hartlaub in 1912 described a specimen of P. kerguelensis from Balfour 

 Bay, Kerguelen, which had been sent to him from the Museum of Comparative Zoology. 

 Without doubt it had originally formed part of the Challenger collection. 



A note on the homologies of the so-called anal plate in the pentacrinoids of the 

 comatulids, which was shown to be in reality the radianal of fossil species, was pub- 

 lished by the author in 1912. (Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 2, no. 13, July 19, 

 1912, pp. 309-314.) This paper was based mainly upon the pentacrinoids of this 

 species secured by the Gauss, althought that fact was not stated. The Gauss collections 

 were described hi detail in 1915 excepting for the pentacrinoids, an account of which 

 will be found in vol. 1, part 2, pp. 530-557 of this work. 



The Terra Nova expedition in 1910 to the Ross Sea area discovered numer- 

 ous examples of this species which were mentioned by Prof. Bell in 1917 as Promacho- 

 crinus kerguelensis and from station 194 as Antedon antarctica. 



The Swedish South Polar Expedition of 1901-03 in the Antarctic under the leader- 

 ship of Dr. Otto Nordenskjold brought back a number of specimens of this species 

 from the region south of South America, which were recorded in 1918 by Dr. 

 Th. Mortensen. 



Detailed analyses of the inorganic constituents of the skeleton of this species were 

 published by Prof. Frank W. Clarke and Dr. William C. Wheeler in 1914, 1915, 1917, 

 and 1922. 



In 1916 the myzostomes found on the examples from the Terra Nova collection 

 were described by Mr. Boulenger. 



In 1925 Dr. Th. Mortensen recorded three specimens in a collection from the Ross 

 Sea. 



Grieg hi 1929 noted that the whaler Bransfield took seven specimens of kerguelensis 

 from the harpoon line when a whale was hauled in. That the species is an 

 active swimmer is confirmed by Mr. J. W. S. Marr (in John, 1938, p. 141), who wrote 

 that it "is very powerful and swims with a remarkable grace of movement." 



The species was next recorded by Bernasconi from South Georgia, where it was 

 collected by the Diaz. 



