256 BULLETIN 82, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM VOLUME 1 



A further account of the myzostome parasites was given by Leuckart in 1842, and 

 in the next year J. Muller described the structure of the skeleton in very great detail. 

 In 1844 Edward Forbes announced that in his dredging operations among the Cyclades 

 he had found this species locally distributed, in 1846 Verany recorded it from the Gulf 

 of Genoa, and in 1849 Busch mentioned its occurrence at Malaga and discussed its 

 structure, Dujardin publishing the second colored figure in the same year. 



During the next twenty years little new information was brought out. MacAn- 

 drew again recorded it from Malaga in 1851, and Schmarda again from Nice in 1853. 

 In 1857 M. Sars added Messina to the list of known localities, in 1859 Forbes gave as 

 its habitat the entire Mediterranean Sea, and in 1860 Bronn reported it from Spezia. 



New colored figures were given by Dujardin and Hupe in their monograph on the 

 echinoderms published in 1862, and at the same time a pentacrinoid which the former 

 had captured at Toulon in 1835 was figured. Metschnikoff brought out additional 

 information concerning the myzostomes in 1866. 



In his epoch-making memoir, published in 1866, W. B. Carpenter considered 

 this form as conspecific with bifida, but as representing a more or less marked variety 

 of it. The detailed history he gives covers both species equally, but he specifically 

 describes the cirri and certain other features of mediterranea. 



The classical memoirs of Wyville Thomson (1865) and W. B. Carpenter (1866) 

 naturally served to attract especial attention to the comatulids, with the result that 

 the following decade witnessed a flood of anatomical contributions by various conti- 

 nental writers, Metschnikoff (1871), Grimm (1872), Baudelot (1872), Semper (1875), 

 Gotte (1876), Teuscher (1876), Ludwig (1876, 1877, 1879), Lang (1876) and Greeff 

 (1876), with comments by Carpenter (1875, 1876). 



Metschnikoff's material came from Spezia, and Baudelot's from Port Vendres, 

 a new locality. In 1872 Wyville Thomson recorded that the Porcupine had dredged 

 many specimens off the north coast of Africa. 



The Naples station was opened in 1874, and the station at Marseille came to the 

 fore, under the able guidance of Prof. A. F. Marion, in 1876. As a result of the center- 

 ing of effort in these places, Schmidtlein published (1879) a detailed account of the 

 breeding season at Naples as he was able to determine it with the assistance of Drs. 

 Dohrn and Spengel; Ludwig gave a monographic account of the type, though without 

 adding any new information regarding its distribution; and Marion (1883) described 

 in great detail its occurrence about Marseille. 



In 1875 von Graff described from this species a curious molluscan parasite which 

 he called Stylina comatulicola, and in 1877 there appeared his monograph on the 

 myzostomes. 



The relations of this to fossil species were discussed by Quenstedt in 1876, and its 

 history and various details of its structure were considered by P. H. Carpenter in 1879. 



In the 1880's the superior facilities offered at the Naples station, added to the 

 accessibility and the natural attractions of the city, resulted hi focussing here almost 

 all the anatomical and embryological work upon the recent crinoids. The papers 

 prepared as a result of studies here, or with the aid of material secured from the station, 

 were very numerous, contributions appearing by Ludwig (1880), Gotte (1880), de 

 Gasparis (1882), Krukenberg (1882), Weinberg (1883), Beard (1884), A. M. Marshall 

 (1884, 1886), Dendy (1886), Vogt and Yung (1887), Bury (1888, 1889), and Korschelt 

 (1889), while in addition, much information gained from specimens from Naples was 



