PART 5 A MONOGRAPH OF THE EXISTING CRINOIDS 265 



species, such as Nephrops norvegicus and Aporrhais pes-pelecani, not elsewhere occurring 

 in the Mediterranean area. 



In 1864 A. E. Grube, who had earlier recorded Antedon from Trieste in 1840, pub- 

 lished a detailed account of its occurrence about the islands of Lossini and Cherso, 

 while in 1863 and 1868 C. Heller published the results of his investigations further to 

 the southward, about Ragusa and the islands of Lesina, Lissa and Curzola. 



The marked hostility of the inhabitants of Dalmatia toward the Austrians culmi- 

 nated in the insurrection of 1869, and for a considerable time interest in the study of 

 the east Adriatic fauna ceased entirely. 



The opening of the two railways to Fiume (Rieka) in 1873 and the enlargement 

 and extension of the Porto Nuovo in 1878 rapidly brought that city into the foreground 

 as a rival of Trieste. The British Vice-Consul here at this time, Mr. G. L. Faber, was 

 an enthusiastic naturalist and prosecuted extensive investigations touching all phases 

 of the marine resources of the region. His comprehensive account of the fisheries of 

 this district (18S3) includes a discussion of the local distribution of this Antedon. 



In 1870 the Berlin Aquarium opened a station at Trieste for the collection and 

 shipment of marine plants and animals to that city (subsequently removed to Rovigno 

 in 1892), and in 1874 the Naples Zoological Station was founded, followed by the Royal 

 Zoological Station at Trieste in 1875. 



These establishments, by providing preserved material of all the local species at 

 small cost, removed one of the chief incentives for further exploration, while at the same 

 tune they diverted attention toward problems in anatomy, histology, embryology, 

 etc., which can only be studied with the aid of more or less elaborate equipment. 



The Naples Station took upon itself the cataloging of the fauna and flora of the 

 Mediterranean and Adriatic, and in 1879 Ludwig, in his prodromus of a monograph 

 on the Mediterranean echinoderms, added two new localities to the known range of 

 the Adriatic species, Zaole and Martinsica. No additional localities were given by 

 Carus in his prodromus in 1884. 



So far as the crinoids are concerned the Zoological Station at Trieste has been 

 second to none in the value of the work produced, either at the station itself or from 

 material supplied by it. Mention should be made of the papers by Jickeli (1884), 

 Hamann (1889), Seeliger (1892) and Sterzinger (1907). 



In 1890-92 a survey was made of the deeper waters of the Adriatic by the Austrian 

 steamer Pola, and our only information touching the occurrence of this species other 

 than along the shores results from the work of this expedition (von Marenzeller, 1894, 

 1895). 



In 1904 Grieg gave a comparative account of this form based upon a specimen 

 from Trieste in the Bergen Museum, and in 1906 Zimmermann mentioned it inciden- 

 tally from Rovigno whence a considerable amount of unrecorded material had already 

 been distributed to various museums. 



It was not formally separated from mediterranea until 1910, though Seeliger in 

 1892 noticed that the animal he was studying at Trieste appeared to differ somewhat 

 from that studied by Bury at Naples. 



The only collections of any note in recent years to include this species, were those 

 of the Najade in 1913 and 1914, mainly around the islands off the coast of Dalmatia. 

 These were reported on by Kolosvary in 1937. 



