PART 5 A MONOGRAPH OF THE EXISTING CRINOIDS 561 



Bay of Castiglione [Dieuzeide, 1950]. 



Gulf of Oran [Pallary, 1935]. 



Travailleur, Mediterranean [Perrier, 1882]. 



No locality (3, Berl. M., 1045). 



Geographical range.- -Entire Mediterranean basin as far east as the Sea of Mar- 

 mara, and in the Adriatic as far north as Lissa (Vis) (lat. 4258' N.). 



Bathymetrical range. From 55 to 1292 meters; rare above 100 meters, becoming 

 more common below 150 meters; the average depth is about 300 (292) meters. 



Thermal range.- One record, 18.2 C. 



Occurrence. North of Cape San Sebastian, in the province of Gerona, Spain, the 

 bottom in 116 to 142 meters is characterized by an extreme abundance of comatulids, 

 Antedon mediterranea and Leptometra phalangium, the latter markedly predominating. 

 More to the southward, southeast of San Feliu de Guixols, in 135 meters, this form 

 occurs in great quantities, entirely replacing Antedon mediterranea. Great numbers 

 also occur on the "flanc du recht" of San Sebastian, in 491 and 190 meters (Pruvot, 

 1901). 



About Banyuls (Pruvot, 1895) this species inhabits the fourth faunal zone, the 

 sandy bottoms off shore in the coastal, as contrasted with the littoral, region. The 

 Roches Cannelots, near Banyuls, are remarkable for the extreme abundance of echino- 

 derms and pennatulids; 170 of this species and 1500 Antedon mediterranea were brought 

 up in a single haul in 90 meters. 



In the northwestern part of the Gulf of Marseille (Marion, 1879) it is found on 

 muddy bottoms, sparingly in 70 to 80 meters, becoming more abundant as one goes 

 eastward, descending to 100, 108, and even 200 meters off Cassis, and isles Riou, 

 Calseragno and Jaro. 



In the broad muddy stretches in the northeastern part of the Gulf of Marseille 

 (Marion, 1883) L. phalangium becomes rather frequent at 75 meters, and common 

 below 90 meters. On the deepest muddy bottoms, on the line from Planier to Cape 

 Couronne, it is very common. On the muddy gravel south of the island of Riou and 

 Planier this species replaces Antedon mediterranea in 100 to 200 meters, and in some 

 places, since such great numbers are brought up by the dredge, it must absolutely 

 cover the bottom. Here it is the predominant echinoderm. 



In the abyssal region beyond the cliffs of Peyssonnel in 500 to 700 meters it is 

 still represented by a few individuals. It occurs everywhere on the deep sands and 

 gravels between Isle Riou and La Cassidagne, and at the deepest station, in 234 to 

 250 meters, it forms a veritable carpet; the dredges were entirely filled with it. 



At La Ciotat (Koehler, 1894) it is very common on certain muddy bottoms off 

 shore where it is associated with Luidia ciliaris and L. sarsii, with Terebratula vitrea, 

 and with Antedon mediterranea; but it is not met with at depths less than 100 meters. 



Regnard (1891) mentions that a large number were brought up in a single haul 

 by the Talisman, but does not give the locality. 



It was abundant at Washington station III, haul 5, off northwestern Sardinia in 

 168 to 284 meters. 



About Naples (Lo Bianco, 1899) this species lives on muddy bottoms down to 

 600 meters, and is sometimes brought up by hundreds. By reason of its different 



