A MONOGRAPH OF THE EXISTING CRINOIDS 103 



Notes. The preceding description is adapted from the original description by 

 Carpenter, with a few additions from his figures. At the British Museum in 1910 I 

 examined one large and two small specimens from the type material. In the larger 

 specimen the cirri are XIV, from 50 to 54 mm. long; the eighth or ninth is a transition 

 segment. I noted that this species is remarkable for the great size and stoutness of its 

 cirri. 



These specimens were later examined by Prof. Torsten Gislen, who suggested that 

 perhaps there were muscles in the most proximal syzygies. 



Localities. Challenger station 344; south Atlantic, near Ascension Island (lat. 

 754'20" S., long. 1428'20" W.); 768 meters; volcanic sand; April 3, 1876 [P. H. 

 Carpenter, 1884, 1887, 1888, 1891; Koehler, 1896; A. H. Clark, 1908, 1909, 1911, 1913, 

 1918, 1923; Kirk, 1911; Hartlaub, 1912; Gislen, 1924, 1928, 1934; Mortensen, 1927] 

 (3, B. M.). 



Talisman; Bay of Biscay; west of Rochefort (lat. 4519' N., long. 629' W.); 

 1,420 meters; August 30, 1883 [Parfait, 1884; Filhol, 1884; de Folin, 1887; Marshall, 

 1888; A. H. Clark, 1911, 1918, 1923; Koehler and Vaney, 1910; Mortensen, 1927]. 



Geographical range. Eastern Atlantic from the vicinity of Ascension Island 

 northward to the Bay of Biscay 



Bathymetrical range. From 768 to 1,420 meters. 



History. In his account of the scientific investigations of the French steamer 

 Talisman in 1883, published in 1884, Capt. Jacques Theophile Parfait, the commanding 

 officer, mentioned a comatulid from lat. 4559' N., long. 629' W., in 1,480 meters. 

 Henri Filhol in 1884 published a figure of a multibrachiate comatulid from off Rochefort 

 in 1,500 meters, republishing the same figure in 1885. The Marquis de Folin in 1887 

 referred to a comatulid from the Gulf of Gascony in 1,480 meters. 



Dr. Philip Herbert Carpenter in 1884 described and figured a pentacrinoid larva 

 that had been dredged by the Challenger in lat. 754'20" S., long. 1428'20" W. in 420 

 fathoms which he identified as the young of Antedon (Thalassometra) multispina, but 

 which almost certainly is the young of this species (see Part 2, p. 521). In 1887 he 

 compared this with some pentacrinoids from the Varna expedition which are the young 

 of Heliometra glacialis. 



In the Challenger report on the comatulids published in 1888 Carpenter described 

 Antedon porrecta in detail and figured it. The three pentacrinoids from station 344 

 he described and figured under Antedon (Thalassometra') multispina, and Filhol 's 

 figure of a multibrachiate comatulid from off Rochefort he identified as Actinometra 

 pulchella (= Neocomatella europaea; see Part 3, p. 153). He noted that the length of 

 the cirri and the strong dorsal processes on their numerous segments are good distinctive 

 characters, and that one cirrus has been broken and subsequently regenerated. He 

 said that the characters of the pinnules of porrecta are the same as those of Antedon 

 (Charitometra) basicurva and its allies, though in a less marked degree. The lower 

 segments of the genital pinnules are expanded toward the ventral side so as to protect 

 the genital glands, which have but a slight covering of anambulacral plates, while the 

 first two pinnules have massive lower segments with the outer side flattened just as 

 in Antedon (Aglaometra) valida and incerta. 



In 1888 Dr. William Adolf Ludwig Marshall republished Filhol's figure which he 

 identified as Actinometra sp., following Carpenter. In 1891 Carpenter compared 



