A MONOGRAPH OF THE EXISTING CRINOIDS 513 



There are several errors in this reasoning. Lamarck's Comatula multiradiata 

 is not the same as Linnets Asterias multiradiata. Miiller's Alecto multifida is a new 

 name for Lamarck's Comatula multiradiata, and the original description of multifida 

 was based on notes taken from one of Lamarck's specimens by Troschel. 



Carpenter's Actinometra multifida is Miiller's Alecto multifida, and Carpenter's 

 conception of this form was based on his personal study of Miiller's type specimen 

 at Paris. 



Therefore Comaster carpenteri has no standing, being simply a new name for 

 Actinometra multifida of Carpenter, which is the same as the Alecto multifida of Miiller, 

 which last is simply Lamarck's Comatula multiradiata (not identical with the Asterias 

 multiradiata of Liniie) reidentified. 



In 1910 I examined the type of Muller's Alecto multifida at Paris and found it 

 to be quite a different thing from what I had supposed. It was, indeed, wholly 

 different from the specimen which I had regarded as representing multifida. This last 

 I therefore described in 1911 as a new form under the name of Comaster taviana. 



COMANTHERIA GRANDICALYX (P. H. Carpenter) 



Plate 59, Figures 167, 168; Plate 60, Figure 170 



Adinometra grandicalyx P. H. CARPENTER, Journ. Linn. Soc. (Zool.), vol. 16, 1882, p. 520 (de- 

 scription; Canton, China); Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1882, 1883, p. 747 (listed); Challenger 

 Reports, Zoology, vol. 26, pt. 60, 1888, pp. 59, 330, 367, 382 (discussion). HAM ANN, Bronns 

 Klassen u. Ordnungen des Tier-Reichs, vol. 2, Abt. 3, 1907, p. 1586 (listed). A. H. CLARK, 

 Smiths. Miscell. Coll., vol. 60, No. 10, 1912, p. 2 (identity); Crinoids of the Indian Ocean, 1912, 

 p. 36 (of P. H. Carpenter, 1888 = Comantheria grandicalyx); p. 39 (of Bell, 1899 = Coman(fcus 

 bennctti) ; Smiths. Miscell. Coll., vol. 61, No. 15, 1913, p. 76 (of Bell, 1899=Comanthus bennelti). 



Comaster grandicalyx A. H. CLARK, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 33, 1908, p. 686 (listed). 



Phanogenia grandicalyx A. H. CLARK, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 35, 1908, p. 124 (listed). 



Comanthus grandicalyx A. H. CLARK, Zool. Anzeiger, vol. 34, No. 11-12, 1909, p. 366 (listed). 



Comantheria yrandicalyx A. H. CLARK, Smiths. Miscell. Coll., vol. 60, No. 10, 1912, p. 2 (identity); 

 p. 7 (Canton; detailed description of the type; Fuchow; notes); Crinoids of the Indian Ocean, 

 1912, p. 36 (identity); p. 90 (synonymy; Canton; redescription of the type); Proc. Biol. Soc. 

 Washington, vol. 26, 1913, p. 178 (range in east Asia); Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 5, 

 No. 6, 1915, p. 214 (southern Japanese species; range and its significance); Unstalked Crinoids 

 of the Siboga Exped., 1918, p. 43 (in key; range). 



Comantheria imbricala (part) A. H. CLARK, Crinoids of the Indian Ocean, 1912, p. 91 (Futschau). 



Diagnostic features. The centrodorsal is large, low hemispherical, and bears 

 very numerous large and robust cirri with usually 24 segments which reach 25 mm. 

 in length and are about one-third as long as the arms. The arms are 47-48 in number. 

 The division series are broad and massive, and their component elements have smooth 

 distal edges. The brachials have overlapping, but not especially produced, distal 

 edges. 



Description. The centrodorsal is large, low hemispherical, 9 or 10 mm. broad 

 at the base. The dorsal pole is 4 mm. in diameter and is concave in the center. 



The cirri are XL-L, 23-26 (usually 24), 25 mm. in length. The basal segments 



are short, the fourth is about as long as broad, and the eighth, ninth, or tenth, which 



is the longest, is slightly longer than broad. From this point onward the segments 



decrease in length, and the outermost 10 or 11 are rather abruptly shorter than those 



9729831 34 



