A MONOGRAPH OF THE EXISTING CRINOIDS 531 



c 1 . Cirri all, or nearly all, mature, the majority of approximately the same size; number of 



cirrus segments variable within relatively narrow limits; division series broad and more 



or less flattened dorsally, but always with more or less perisomc visible between them. 



d 1 . Axillaries with the anterior angle acute and somewhat produced; cirri slender, numerous, 



and but little recurved distally. 

 e>. Cirri longer and stouter, with 24-27 (usually 26-27) segments (west coast of South 



Island, New Zealand; 4.6-6 meters) benhami, p. 587. 



'. Cirri shorter and more slender, with less than 24 segments. 



/>. Cirri with about 20 segments; 20-35 arms (southern Australia, from Cape Hawke, 

 New South Wales, to Bunbury, Western Australia; 0-73 meters). 



trichoptera, p. 579. 

 }*. Cirri with 14-17 segments. 



j 1 . Longest proximal cirrus segments about two and one-half times as long as broad; 

 earlier cirrus segments with unmodified distal ends; 37 arms (Tasmania). 



tasmaniae, p. 586. 



g 1 *. Longest proximal cirrus segments about twice as long as broad; earlier cirrus 

 segments with swollen distal ends; 20 arms (Three Kings Island, New Zealand; 



119 meters) novaezealandiae, p. 588 



d?. Axillaries with the anterior angle obtuse and not produced; cirri less slender, less numerous, 



and more strongly recurved distally. 



e 1 . Stout and robust, with usually 16-20 short, stout, and rapidly tapering arms which are 

 usually about 60 mm. long; cirri less strongly recurved and laterally compressed 

 distally (South Africa from the Tugela River mouth to Simons Bay; 0-46 meters). 



wahlbergii, p. 588. 



e 1 . More slender , with usually about 20 slender and slowly tapering arms which are usually 

 50-70 mm. long; cirri more strongly recurved and laterally compressed distally 

 (Ceylon to tropical Australia, the Solomon Islands, New Caledonia, Fiji, Tonga, 

 Samoa, the Gilbert, Caroline, and Pelew Islands, and the Philippines; 0-40 meters). 



samoana, p. 593. 



COMANTHUS BENNETTI (J. MUller) 



Plate 66, Figures 186, 187; Plate 67, Figure 188; Plate 68, Figure 189; Plate 82, Figure 225 



[See also vol. 1, pt. 1, figs. 173, 174 (centrodorsal) , p. 231; pt. 2, figs. 171, 172 (analysis of arm 

 structure), p. 86; figs. 426, 427 (pinnule tip), p. 257] 



fCaput- Medusae brunnum LINCK, De Stellis marinis, 1733, pi. 22, fig. 34. BRUGIERE, Encyclopedic 

 me"thodique, 1792, pi. 125, fig. 3 (copy of Linck's figure). P. H. CARPENTER, Trans. Linn. 

 Soc. (Zool.), ser. 2, vol. 2, pt. 1, Dec. 1879, p. 2 (history; an Actinometra) . A. H. CLARK, 

 Crinoids of the Indian Ocean, 1912, p. 279. 



tAslerias mulliradiaia (part) LINNE, Syst. nat., ed. 10, vol. 1, 1758, p. 663 (reference to Linck). 



Comatula multiradiata LAMARCK, Hist. nat. des animaux sans vertebres, vol. 2, 1816, p. 533 (part). 

 DE BLAINVILLE, Diet, des sci. nat., vol. 10, 1818, p. 108 (from Lamarck). LAMOUROUX, 

 Encyclop. me'thodique, vol. 2, 1824, p. 205 (from Lamarck). EICHWALD, Zoologia specialis, 

 1829, p. 226 (from Lamarck). DE BLAINVILLE, Diet, des sci. nat., vol. 60, 1830, p. 229 (from 

 Lamarck). GOLDFUSS, Petrefacta Germaniae, vol. 1, 1832, pi. 61, figs. 2, o-s (Indian Ocean). 

 OKEN, Allgem. Naturgesch., vol. 5, Abt. 2, 1835, p. 594 (from previous authors). DE BLAIN- 

 VILLE, Manuel d'actinologie, 1834, 1836, p. 249 (from Lamarck). DUJARDIN, in DESHAYES 

 and MILNE-EDWARDS, Hist. nat. des animaux sans vertebres, ed. 3, vol. 1, 1837, p. 470 (from 

 Lamarck). DESHAYES and MILNE-EDWARDS, Hist. nat. des animaux sans vertebres, ed. 2, 

 vol. 3, 1840, p. 209 (from Lamarck). J. MULLER, Abhandl. d. k. preuss. Akad. d. Wiss., 1841, 

 1843, p. 180 (structure). [GERVAIS], Diet, universel d'hist. nat., vol. 4, 1844, p. 130 (from 

 previous authors). J. MULLER, Abhandl. d. k. preuss. Akad. d. Wiss., 1847, 1849, p. 244, 

 footnote (from Goldfuss). QUENSTEDT, Handb. d. Petrefactenkunde, 1852, p. 599 (from 

 Goldfuss). BBONN, Die Klassen u. Ordnungen d. Strahlenthiere, 1860, p. 202 (basals). 

 DUJARDIN and HUPE, Hist. nat. des zoophytes, Echinodermes, 1862, p. 207 (discussion of 



