A MONOGRAPH OF THE EXISTING CRINOIDS 



575 



Later Carpenter visited the Leyden Museum and there studied the type of Alecto 

 japonica, publishing a redescription of it, under the name of Actinometra japonica, 

 in 1881. He said that it is a veiy well defined species, the axillaries being longer and 

 having sharper distal angles than those of any other comasterids he had seen. He 

 noted that the great length of the lower pinnules is also remarkable. 



In another paper published in 1881 Carpenter mentioned that an Actinometra, 

 not further identified, which had been brought from Yeddo by Prof. Edward S. Morse, 

 had yielded a myzostome. 



In 1882 Prof. F. Jeffrey Bell published a specific formula for this species, and 

 early in 1883 Carpenter published an emended formula. 



In 1884 Prof. Ludwig von Graff published an account of the myzostomes from 

 Professor Morse's specimens from Yeddo, which he cited under the name of Actino- 

 metra morsel, this name having been furnished him by Carpenter. He also described 

 the myzostomes from a specimen of Actinometra japonica. 



In the Challenger report on the comatulids published in 1888 Carpenter inserted 

 Actinometra japonica in the key to the species of the Parvicirra group. The diag- 

 nostic characters as given are the presence of IIBr 4 (3 + 4) series, and sometimes of 

 IIIBr 4 (3 + 4) series, cirri XXX +, 15-20, the lower pinnules not especially large, 

 the brachials of moderate length, and the lower segments of P D rather large and 

 carinate. This species is twice inserted in the key, both times paired with Actino- 

 metra trichoptera in which, according to Carpenter, the brachials are short and the 

 lower segments of P D are not carinate. 



Carpenter mentioned that there is a considerable resemblance between trichop- 

 tera and japonica, and that he would now refer to the latter, possibly as a varietal form, 

 the individual which he had called Actinometra morsel when asked by von Graff to 

 name the host of Myzostoma nigrescens. 



In 1895 Dr. Jiuta Hara mentioned that this species is very common along the 

 coast line near Misaki. 



In 1908 I recorded, as Comaster japonica, a number of specimens from Tokyo 

 Gulf and Sagami Bay which had been dredged by Mr. Alan Owston in the Golden 

 Hind. 



In 1911 I published notes on the type specimen in the Leyden Museum, which 

 I had examined in 1910. 



In 1912 Dr. Clemens Hartlaub recorded and gave notes upon 2 of Professor 

 Morse's specimens from Yeddo Bay. He called one of these Actinometra trichoptera 

 and the other Actinometra japonica var. morsei. I believe that his new species Acti- 

 nometra spinipinna which was described at the same time is another of Professor 

 Morse's specimens from Tokyo (Yeddo) Bay. 



In 1913 I recorded a specimen of japonica from off Hong Kong Harbor; this 

 should, however, have been referred to pinyuis. 



In 1924 Dr. Torsten Gilse"n discussed a number of the structural features of this 

 species, his material consisting of 6 specimens which had been dredged by Dr. Th. 

 Mortensen in southern Japan in 1914. These he recorded and described in detail in 

 1927. 



