A MONOGRAPH OF THE EXISTING CRINOIDS 677 



and another from Port Molle. A second example from Port Molle he recorded under 

 the name of Actinometra cumingii. 



In an article on the cirri of comatulids published in 1886 Carpenter mentioned 

 that in this species there are no cirri of the "small mature" type. 



Professor Bell in 1887 recorded Actinometra parvicirra from Ceylon, the record 

 being based upon specimens of both parvicirra and timorensis. An additional speci- 

 men of parvicirra he recorded under the name of Actinometra cumingi. In the same 

 year Prof. Ludwig von Graff described the myzostomes which Carpenter had found 

 on some specimens collected by the Challenger at Zamboanga. 



In 1888 Bell recorded specimens from Tuticorin, Madras, which had been col- 

 lected by Mr. Edgar Thurston. Among these were representatives of Capillaster 

 multiradiata , Comanthus parvicirra, and C. timorensis. In a list of the echinoderms 

 of the Sea of Bengal published in the same paper Bell included Actinometra cumingii, 

 the record being based upon a specimen of parvicirr/i. 



In his report on the comatulids collected by the Challenger published in 1888 

 Carpenter discussed this species at some length. He noted the occasional occurrence 

 of a stellate centrodorsal with rudimentary cirri, and mentioned the variation in the 

 IIBr series, citing specimens, including one in the Vienna Museum, in which 5 of the 

 IIBr series are 2 and 5 are 4 (3 + 4). He says that, in view of the variability in the 

 IIBr series, it is necessary to use for systematic purposes the majority occurrence. 

 He called attention to the very wide distribution of this species as understood by him, 

 and spoke of the existence of different varieties in the same place as illustrated by the 

 5 varieties in the series of specimens which he had described under the name of 

 Actinometra polymorpha, 2 of which are found at Ubay and 2 at Bohol. He noticed 

 the occurrence of spherodes in the posterior arms, and gave the number of arms, as 

 he had done in 1879, as 13-39. 



Carpenter made parvicirra the type of a special group of species within the genus 

 Actinometra, the Parvicirra group, which is characterized by having the IIBr series 

 4 (3 + 4), a pinnule on the second brachial but none on the first, and the first syzygy 

 between brachials 3 + 4. 



In his key to the species of this group parvicirra appears three times (1) among 

 species with IIBr series only, (2) among species with IIIBr series, and (3) among 

 species with IVBr series. 



In the synonymy of parvicirra he included timorensis Miiller, wahlbergii Miiller, 

 mertensi Grube, armata P. H. Carpenter, polymorpha P. H. Carpenter, meyeri P. 

 H. Carpenter, annulata Bell, and mutabilis Liitken, MS., in part. He thus included 

 under parvicirra the forms here given as Comanthus wahlbergii, Comanthus timorensis, 

 and Comanihus parvicirra. 



He gave a description and detailed discussion of Actinometra parvicirra as 

 understood by him, and recorded 18 specimens from 7 Challenger stations. He also 

 gave a list of all the localities from which he had seen specimens. 



The allocation in the present work of the specimens recorded by Carpenter is 

 as follows: Comaster distincta, Zamboanga ("Samboangan") (part); Comanthus 

 wahlbergii, Simon's Bay, Cape of Good Hope, Durban ("Port Natal"); Comanthus 

 samoana, Peru; Comanthus parvicirra, Challenger stations 174, 186 (part), Banda 



