A MONOGRAPH OF THE EXISTING CRINOIDS 39 



Under the heading "Genus Comanthus A. H. Clark" appear the subheadings 

 "Subgenus Comanthus A. H. Clark" and "Group Bennettia A. H. Clark." Thus the 

 new name Bennettia is to all intents and purposes a generic name under which two 

 species, pinguis and samoana, are described. 



Further changes in the systematic treatment of the comatulids were suggested 

 on September 14. 



The comatulids as a whole were divided into three suborders, which were de- 

 scribed in detail; these were: 



Comatulida Innatantes (including the Marsupitidae and Uintacrinidae). 



Comatulida Oligophreata (including the Comasteridae, Zygometridae, Himero- 

 metridae, Colobometridae, Thalassometridae, and Tropiometridae). 



Comatulida Macrophreata (including the Antedonidae, Atelecrinidae, and Pen- 

 tametrocrinidae) . 



The following new family was described : 



Pontiometridae (Pontiometra) . 



The following new subfamilies were described: 



Capillasterinae (Nemaster, Capillaster, Neocomatella, Comatella, Comatilia, Lep- 

 tonemaster, and Comissia). 



Comactiniinae (Comatula, Comactinia, and Cominia). 



Himerometrinae (Amphimetra, Himerometra, Craspedometra, and Heterometra). 



Stephanometrinae (Oxymetra and Stephanometra). 



Mariametrinae (Mariametra and Dichrometra) . 



Antedoninae (Antedon, Mastigometra, Compsometra, and Iridometra). 



Perometrinae (Perometra, Erythrornetra, and Hypalometrd). 



Zenometrinae (Zenometra, Psathyrornetra, Leptometra, Adelometra, and Balanometra). 



Hehometrinae (Promachocrinus, Heliometra, Trichometra, Hathrometra, and 

 Isometra). 



Thysanometrinae (Eumetra, Thysanometra, and Coccometra). 



Bathymetrinae (Bathymetra and Thaumatometra). 



The following new genera were described: 



Neocomatella (genotype Antedon alata Pourtales, 1878). 



Pterometra (genotype Ptilometra trichopoda A. H. Clark, 1908). 



Balanometra (genotype Antedon balanoides P. H. Carpenter, 1888). 



Dissection showed that the supposed syzygy between the ossicles of the IBr 

 series and first two bracbials in a specimen of Comatula pectinata from the Philippine 

 Islands was in reality only an exceptionally close synarthry ; in a specimen of Comaster 

 novae-guineae [fruticosus] the proximal syzygy was found to be in reality intermediate 

 in character between a synarthry and a syzygy, and the name pseudosyzygy was 

 proposed for this type of articulation. Thus the statement previously made (in the 

 paper on the brachial homologies) that syzygyies are associated only with oblique 

 muscular articulations and synarthries only with straight muscular articulations is 

 found to hold good excepting only in the family Zygometridae. 



In October a paper was published in which an attempt was made to explain the 

 origin and significance of the nonmusoular articulations, syzygies and synarthries, in 



