456 BULLETIN 82, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 



In his key to the species of the Palmata group he paired protecta with conjungens 

 under the headings P a present; two or more axillaries folio whig the IBr axillary; 

 P 2 larger than P 3 ; division series free laterally; P 2 has 25 or more segments which are 

 not specially elongated; and lower pinnules larger on the outer arms of each IIBr 

 series than on the inner arms. He said that hi protecta P 3 is quite short, whereas hi 

 conjungens PS is not especially short, being nearly as long as P 2 on the inner arms. 



The group under the heading P 2 with 25 or more segments, which are not specially 

 elongated, including protecta and conjungens, was contrasted with a group headed P 2 

 stiff and styliform, of 12-18 much elongated segments, which included tuberculata 

 [=Stephanometra spicata], spicata [=S. spicata], and indica [=S. indica}. Under the 

 heading Antedon conjungens he said: 



A similar variation is presented by one of the types which have been distributed by the Godeffroy 

 Museum under the MS. name Antedon protecta Liitken. Thus in an individual, which I owe to the 

 kindness of Professor Lov6n, the first two pinnules on the outer pair of every four tertiary arms are 

 greatly larger than the corresponding pinnules on the inner arms. The second one has twenty-five 

 joints and reaches 12 mm., nearly three times the length of its fellow on the inner arm. In this 

 type, however, the third pinnule on both inner and outer arms alike has little more than a dozen 

 joints, and is only some 4 mm. long. The small size of this third pinnule is remarkable, not only as 

 distinguishing the type from Antedon conjungens, in which it is at least half the length of the second 

 pinnule, if not more, but also in the whole group of species with large second pinnules. 



Later under the heading Antedon occulta Carpenter said: 



In the individual which shows the greater inequality of the pinnules on the outer and inner 

 arms, they [the lower pinnules] are generally stiffer and more styliform than in the more regular 

 example. The latter thus presents an approach toward Antedon conjungens, while the former rather 

 resembles Antedon protecta. These two species, however, have much less closely approximated rays 

 and a smaller centrodorsal, which leaves the second radials [IBri] visible as well as the axillaries 

 [IBr,]. 



In 1890 Dr. Clemens Hartlaub described this species as new under the name of 

 Antedon monacantha, describing it in greater detail and figuring it in 1891. His type 

 material consisted of two specimens from Mortlock Island, one at Gottingen and one 

 at Hamburg (the latter bearing the manuscript name Antedon militaris Hartlaub), 

 and one specimen from Torres Strait. This last is herein referred to Stephanometra 

 indica. 



In his key to the species of the Palmata group published in 1891 Dr. Clemens 

 Hartlaub placed marginata with clemens (=Heterometra guinduplicava) in a special 

 category including species with IIBr series but no further division, and the division 

 series entirely free laterally. He gave marginata as having 20 cirrus segments and 

 the brachials not especially short, and as possessing irregular processes at the sides of 

 the division series, while clemens has 30 cirrus segments and the brachials very short, 

 and the sides of the division series smooth. With species possessing IIIBr and some- 

 tunes additional division series he placed spicata, tuberculata, and indica. 



In 1894 Prof. F. Jeffrey Bell described as a new species Antedon flavomaculata 

 from the Macclesfield Bank in 13 fathoms (24 meters). He assigned this new species 

 to Carpenter's Spinifera group of Antedon. His description was as follows: 



Bidistichate, with (in the single known specimen) exactly 20 arms; about 30 cirri, with 16 

 smooth joints, and the centre of the low centrodorsal bare of cirrus-sockets. The first syzygy is on 



