A MONOGRAPH OK THE EXISTING CRINOIDS 111 



Antedon comata VON GRAFF, Challenger Reports, Zoology, vol. 20, pt. 61, 1887, p. 2 (nomen nudum; 

 Padau Bay, Mergui Archipelago; inyzostomes). A. H. CLARK, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 34, 

 1908, p. 465 (status of name). 



Antedon elegans (part) P. H. CARPENTER, Challenger Reports, Zoology, vol. 26, pt. 60, 1888, p. 265 

 (Philippines; Mergui Archipelago). BELL, Proc. Zool. Soo. London, 1888, p. 389, footnote 5 

 (collected by Dr. Anderson at Mergui). P. H. CARPENTER, Journ. Linn. Soc. (Zool.), vol. 21, 

 1889, p. 305 (detailed account; King Island, Mergui), p. 306 (Philippine variety; characters), 

 p. 307 (compared with [Pontiometra] andersoni). 



Zygometra elegans A. H. CLARK, Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 52, 1908, p. 212 (Albatross stations 

 5137, 5138). 



Antedon fluctuant A. H. CLARK, Zool. Anz., vol 34, 1909, p. 367 (not as supposed by Carpenter a 

 synonym of elegans). 



Zygometra fluctuans A. H. CLARK, Vid. Medd. Naturh. Foren. K0benhavn, 1909, p. 151 (Singapore; 

 description of specimens), p. 153 (not the same as elegans), p. 193 (collected at Singapore by 

 Svend Gad). 



Zygometra comata A. H. CLAKK, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., vol. 39, 1911, p. 537 (Albatross station 5358; 

 number and length of arms, but no further description; also recorded from Singapore); Mem. 

 Australian Mus., vol. 4, 1911, p. 734 (in key), p. 762, footnote (description; previous references; 

 localities; differential characters); Rec. Indian Mus., vol. 7, pt. 3, 1912, p. 267 (range; related 

 species farther west), p. 268 (compared with Z. andromeda); Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 60, 

 No. 10, 1912, p. 12 (Hongkong); Crinoids of the Indian Ocean, 1912, p. 33 (identity), p. 36 

 (= Antedon elegans P. H. Carpenter, 1889), p. 104 (synonymy; localities); Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash- 

 ington, vol. 26, 1913, p. 178 (range in eastern Asia), p. 180 (8 miles outside of Hongkong harbor, 

 14 fathoms; notes; comparison with Z. elegans); Rec. Western Australian Mus., vol. 1, pt. 3, 

 1914, p. 123 (comparison with Z. elegans); Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 5, 1915, p. 214 

 (Malayan species; range and its significance); Unstalked crinoids of the Siboga-Exped., 1918, 

 p. 59 (in key; range), p. 61 (synonymy; notes; Stations 162, 179, 322), pp. 273, 274, 276 (listed); 

 Journ. Linn. Soc. (Zool.), vol. 36, 1929, p. 637, pi. 44, fig. 15 (80 miles northwest of Penang, 

 40 fathoms; Singapore); Treubia, vol. 14, livr. 2, 1933, p. 211 (Java Sea, notes). TH. MORTEN- 

 SEN, Hong Kong Nat., Suppl. 3, 1934, p. 5 (Hongkong). GISLEN, Kungl. Fysiogr. Sallsk. 

 Handl., new ser., vol. 45, No. 11, pp. 21, 26, 27; Kungl. Fysiogr. Sallsk. Lund Forh., vol. 7, 

 No. 1, 1936, p. 4 (French Indochina); p. 5 (range), p. 6 (range), p. 8 (Pulo Condor; notes); 

 fig. 1, p. 9. H. L. CLARK, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool., vol. 55, 1938, p. 29 (Broome; notes). 



Helerometra bengalensis (part) A. H. CLARK, Mem. Australian Mus., vol. 4, 1911, pp. 722, 723, 734, 

 768 (specimen from Holothuria Bank, but not specimens from Port Curtis, which are Z. punc- 

 tata); Die Fauna Sudwest-Australiens, vol. 3, Lief. 13, 1911, pp. 440, 443, 444, 446 (record from 

 Holothuria Bank); Crinoids of the Indian Ocean, 1912, p. 130 (record from Holothuria Bank); 

 Die Fauna Sudwest-Australiens, vol. 4, Lief. 6, 1913, pp. 310, 313 (Holothuria Bank). 



Zygometra punctata (part) A. H. CLARK, Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 61, 1913, No. 15, p. 21 (Holo- 

 thuria Bank; 15 fathoms; notes); Die Fauna Siidwest Australiens, vol. 4, Lief. 6, 1913, p. 310 

 (Holothuria Bank); Rec. Western Australian Mus., vol. 1, pt. 3, 1914, p. 114 (Holothuria 

 Bank); Internat. Rev. gesamt. Hydrobiol. und Hydrogr., 1915, pp. 224 ff. (reference to Holo- 

 thuria Bank); Unstalked crinoids of the Siboga-Exped., 1918, p. 63 (Holothuria Bank). 



Diagnostic features. The arms are typically 30 in number, there being a IIIBr 2 

 series on the inner derivative from each IIBr series, so that each ray bears six arms 

 arranged in 1, 2, 2, 1 order. The arms are 40-135 mm. (but usually between 60 and 

 100) mm. in length. The cirri have typically 30 segments of which the outer have 

 unusually long and slender sharp dorsal spines. The species is, however, rather 

 variable. There may be as few as 14 or 16 or as many as 41 arms, while the longest 

 cirri consist of anywhere between 28 and 45 segments. 



Zygometra comata is of more delicate build than Z. elegans, and the spines on the 

 outer cirrus segments are much more prominent. It is rather easily mistaken for a 

 species of Heterometra unless the articulation between the elements of the IBr series 



