A MONOGRAPH OP THE EXISTING CRINOIDS 229 



interest was ludovici which the author accepted on the basis of Hartlaub's description 

 of specimens from Amboina (=H. amboinae) published in 1891. Miiller's philiberti 

 was assigned to the genus Himerometra \vith a query. 



In the same year (1909) I described, under the name Craspedometra aliena, a 

 supposed new species from the Philippines. The type specimen of tlu's supposed 

 new species is an example of H. crenulata, while other specimens in the type series 

 represent H. quinduplicava. In another paper also published in 1909 I described 

 Amphimetra mortenseni. 



In 1911 a specimen was recorded from the Philippines under the name Craspe- 

 dometra anceps (= quinduplicava), and Antedon clemens and Craspedometra aliena 

 were placed in the synonymy of anceps. 



In a paper on the crinoids of the coasts of Africa published in the same year, 

 Amphimetra africana, Craspedometra ater, and Craspedometra madagascarensis, all 

 referable to Heterometra as herein understood, were described, and in a paper on the 

 crinoids of the Paris Museum, which appeared a few months later, the type specimen 

 of Miiller's philiberti was described under the name of Amphimetra philiberti, of 

 which the recently described Amphimetra mortenseni was said to be a synonym. 



In my memoir on the crinoids of the Indian Ocean published in 1912, the genus 

 Heterometra is given as including nematodon, reynaudi, savignii, compta, affinis, 

 brockii (= variipinna), martensi (= Himerometra martensi), joubini, gravieri, aspera 

 ( = bengalensis) , singularis, bengalensis, quinduplicava, and, in an appendix, pulchra. 

 In the genus Amphimetra are placed philiberti (including mortenseni), variipinna 

 (including crenulata), producta, schlegelii, africana, and a number of 10-armed species. 

 To Craspedometra are assigned ater, madagascarensis, amboinae (a new name for the 

 species described and figured as ludovici by Hartlaub), and anceps. 



In a paper on the crinoids of the Hamburg Museum published hi 1912 philiberti, 

 schlegelii (from which the 10-armed individuals are excluded and considered as repre- 

 senting laevipinna), nematodon, crenulata, and variipinna are assigned to Amphimetra. 



In a paper on the crinoids of the Berlin Museum published in the same year 

 africana is assigned to Amphimetra, ater and madagascarensis to Craspedometra, and 

 savignii to Heterometra. 



In a paper on the crinoids of the British Museum, which appeared in 1913, 

 Amphimetra is given as including crenulata, nematodon, anceps, producta, flora (sp. 

 nov.), and africana, as well as several 10-armed species; Hartlaub's martensi is cor- 

 rectly assigned to Himerometra; and quinduplicava, reynaudii, and savignii are given 

 under Heterometra. 



Dr. August Reichensperger in his memoir on Merton's crinoids from the Aru and 

 Kei Islands published in 1913 recorded and discussed Amphimetra variipinna, Cras- 

 pedometra amboinae, and Craspedometra anceps, and Dr. Torsten Gislen in his account 

 of Mjoberg's crinoids from northwestern Australia published in 1919 (but written be- 

 fore the appearance of the Siboga report in 1918) discussed Amphimetra variipinna. 



For some tune it had been increasingly evident that the genera Heterometra, 

 Amphimetra, and Craspedometra were quite artificial and could not be maintained on 

 the basis of the original diagnoses. So a thorough revision of the family Himerome- 

 tridae was undertaken, and the results of this study were incorporated in the report 

 upon the unstalked crinoids of the Siboga expedition, published in 1918. In this re- 



