autumnal 



axospermous 



autum'nal, autumna'lis(La,t.), belong- 

 ing to autumn ; flowering at that 

 season ; ~ Wood, wood formed at 

 the close of the growing season and 

 notable for its smaller cells. 



Auxan'agrammes (atigri, increase, dva, 

 up, ypdfj./j,a, an outline), bacterian 

 fields of increase, marked by greater 

 development within the diffusion 

 area of the nutrient substance 

 (Beyerinck) ; Auxanom'eter (fj.trpov, 

 measure), apparatus for measuring 

 increase of growth in plants. 



Auxe'sis (a.vr)<ns, growth), (1) dilata- 

 tion or increase in the valves of 

 Diatoms, etc. ; (2) new formation 

 of organs (Czapek). 



Auxiliary (auxiliaris, helpful) Cell, a 

 cell borne by a specialised branch 

 in certain Algae, which unites with 

 the conjugating tube emitted by 

 the fertilized trichophore, and then 

 giving rise to filaments which bear 

 the spores (Osterhout). 



Aux'ospore (ai's 7 ?, increase, crwopa, 

 seed), in Diatoms, the spore formed 

 by the union of two frustules, 

 or the excessive growth of a single 

 frustule, whence arises a new bion, 

 larger than the parents ; auxoton'ic 

 (T&VOS, strain), applied to the move- 

 ments incident to increase of grow- 

 ing organs, as heliotropism, nuta- 

 tion, etc. 



avellan'icus (avellana, a filbert), 

 drab, the colour of the fresh shell 

 of the Hazel-nut, Corylus Avellana, 

 Linn. 



avena/ceous, -ceus (avena, oats), relat- 

 ing to oats ; Av'enine, a substance 

 derived from oats. 



ave'nius (a, without, vena, vein), vein- 

 less, or seemingly so. 



averse', aver'sns (Lat.), turned back 

 or away from. 



Averrunca'tion (averrunco, I remove), 

 (1) pruning ; (2) uprooting. 



awl-shaped, narrow and tapering to a 

 point ; subulate. 



Awn, a bristle-like appendage, es- 

 pecially occurring on the glumes 

 of grasses ; <~ of Chaetoceras, a 

 diatomaceous genus, having pro- 



longations of the frustules, recal- 

 ling the awns of grasses ; awned, 

 having awns ; bearded. 



axe-shaped, dolabriform, as the leaves 

 of some species of Mesembryanthe- 

 mum. 



ax'ial (axis, an axle), relating to the 

 axis ; ~ Wood, the normal central 

 cylinder of xylem ; axif erous (fero, 

 I bear), bearing an axis, but with- 

 out leaves or other appendages. 



Ax'il, Axill'a (Lat. arm-pit), the angle 

 formed between the axis and any 

 organ which arises from it, espe- 

 cially of a leaf. 



ax'ile (axis, an axle), belonging to the 

 axis, as axile placentation. 



axill'ant (axilla, arm-pit), subtending 

 an angle ; axill'ary, axilla'ris, grow- 

 ing in an axil ; axilla'tus, having 

 axils. 



Ax' is (Lat. an axle), an imaginary 

 line, round which the organs are 

 developed ; ~ of Inflores'cence, 

 that part of the stem or branch 

 upon which the flowers are borne ; 

 access'ory ~ , an axis of secondary 

 rank ; a'pical ~ of Diatoms, is 

 that line which passes through 

 the centre of the pervalvar axis in 

 the direction of the raphe and 

 at equal distances from homo- 

 logous points of the girdle-band 

 surfaces ; Append'ages of the ~ , 

 such organs as leaves, flowers, etc. ; 

 ascending ~ , = the stem ; descend' - 

 ing ~ , = the root ; pervalv'ar ~ , the 

 main longitudinal axis of Diatoms ; 

 transa'pical ~ , the axis which 

 passes at right angles to the apical 

 axis of Diatoms, and through the 

 centre of the pervalvar axis ; trans- 

 vers'al ~ , the axis which lies in the 

 transversal plane of Diatoms, cut- 

 ting the pervalvar axis. 



Axog'amy (a^uv, axis, yd.fj.os, marriage), 

 plants bearing sexual organs on 

 the leafy stem; adj. axogamlc ; 

 Axophy'ta (01TOI', aplant) = CoRMO- 

 PHYTA ; plants having an axis, that 

 is, stem and root ; axosperm'ous 

 ((nr^pfjia, seed), with axile placenta- 

 tion of ovules. 



28 



