THE ANTIQUITY OF MAN 31 



never before observed in a prehistoric skull and almost un- 

 known among Englishmen before the Roman invasion. The 

 third molar or wisdom tooth is undergoing reduction as in 

 modern man. 



As one views the Rhodesian skull, he is certainly strongly 

 impressed with its Neandertal-like appearance, but this, as 

 has been emphasized, applies to the face, for the laterally 

 compressed instead of depressed cranium, together with the 

 implied erect posture, are departures in the more modern 

 direction. It would seem therefore as though no close rela- 

 tionship is indicated between the two and that in most respects 

 Rhodesian man is much more advanced. Certain community 

 of food adaptation or use of the jaw instead of other means 

 in accomplishing necessary work, may account for the facial 

 similarities which in the Rhodesian man, as in that of Pilt- 

 down, may well have lagged behind the evolution of the rest of 

 the skull. 



Culturally, Rhodesian man must have been very primitive, 

 for the only associated implements are certain rounded pieces 

 of limestone of doubtful utility, although the crushed skull of 

 a lion-like creature found in association is indicative of a cer- 

 tain defensive value. 



Homo sapiens 



Upper Paleolithic man. The most notable of the several 

 races of our own species found in prehistoric Europe is that 

 of Cro-Magnon, in almost all respects the most perfect man 

 physically that has come within our knowledge. The first 

 record of the existence of this race was found at Gower, Wales, 

 where seventeen skeletons were discovered in 1852. These, 

 however, were lost to science through subsequent burial in the 

 village cemetery. Four years later others were discovered at 

 Cro-Magnon, France, and these may yet be seen in the great 

 Museum of the Jardin des Plantes in Paris. In all there were 



