THE EVOLUTION OF MAN 



RECENT 



PLEISTOCENE. 



PL IOCENE 



MIOCENE 



OLIGOCENE 



EOCENE 



Orang 



(5/rnnl) 



HOMINID/E 



Man 

 Homo 



5IMIID/E (aba Sim/a} 



Gorilla Chimpanzee Gibbon 



(Cor 1 1 la) (Pan) (Hy/obafes) 



H sapiens 



EoanthropuS 



dawsoni 



I 



P/ th econfhropus 



Pa/eoSimia 



H neanderfholensis 

 // he/del berqensis 



P/iopithecus 



Dryopithecus 



5IMIIN/E 



HYLOBAT1N&. 



Prop/iopifhecus 



{^'Structural" ancestor) 



FIG. 10. PROVISIONAL PHYLOGENY OF MAN AND THE 



ANTHROPOIDS 

 Modified from W. K. Gregory 1920 (1916). 



divergence of the primitive stock into the Neandertal, Pilt- 

 down, and sapiens stems occurred early in the Pliocene, and 

 that the differentiation of H. sapiens himself into the four 

 great ethnic groups, African, Australian, Mongolian, and 

 European, occurred before the beginning of the Pleistocene. 

 On this account he is perfectly able to accept a Pleistocene age 

 at least for the men of the New World. Back of the Heidel- 

 berg man, the European record is blank, unless indeed Pilt- 

 down and Castenedolo be older. The last particularly Keith 

 doubts. 



Tertiary man. Professor Osborn in a recent number of the 

 magazine, Natural History, describes at some length beliefs 

 which he holds as the result of a visit to East Anglia last 



