INDEX AND GLOSSARY 



171 



Salvia (Sage), 71 



Samphire (Crithmum maritimum), 



122 

 Sand, its composition, 12, 126 ; 



shifting, 12 ; binders, 129, 130, 



136, 147 ; Dunes 122, (Fig. 22) 



126 

 Sand- sedge (Carexarenaria), 129, 



138 

 Sand-streamers, (Fig. 20) 125, 



128 

 Sargassum, the Gulf Weed, a 



brown Tangle, 87 

 Scotch Fir (Pinus sylvestris), (Fig. 



25) 139 



Sea-blite (Suaeda), 129 

 Sea-buckthorn (Hippophae rham- 



noides), 142 

 Sea-couch-grass (Trlticum jun- 



ceum), 129, 138 



Sea-kale (Crambe maritima), 122 

 Sea-lettuce ( Viva), 16 

 Sea-rocket (Cak He maritima), 129 

 Seaweeds, brown, green, and red, 



13, 14, 16 



Seaweeds, coralline, 12 

 Seaweeds, nutrition of, 15 

 Sedges, members of the family of 



Cyperaceae, 140 

 Seeds, distribution of, 97 

 Seed-plants, 47, 77 

 Seed-plants, earliest, 95 

 Self-nutrition, period of, 19 - 

 Self-pollination, 97 

 Self-protection of plants, 89 

 Sequoia, Mammoth Trees of Cali- 

 fornia, 88 



Sewage impurities, 16 

 Sex, differentiation of, 25, 53 

 Sexuality, origin of, 25, 27 

 Sexual organs, 40 

 Sexual propagation, 93, 94 

 Sexual zooids, 21 



Sheep, 150 



Sheep's fescue (Festuca ovina), 140 



Shepherd's purse (Capsella), 106 



Shield fern (Nephrodium filix- 

 mas), 31, 35, 107 



Shifting Dunes, 132, 138, (Fig. 25) 

 139, 140, (Fig. 26) 143, 147 



Silica, 12 



Silver weed (Potentilla anserina), 

 129 



Snails, attacks by, 90, 92 



Sorus, one of those groups of 

 sporangia, seen on the under 

 surface of Fern-leaves, (Fig. 5) 

 35, 37, 38 



Specialisation of study, 11 



Species, new, 2 



Spectrum, 14 



Spermatozoids male fertilising 

 cells, motile in water, (Fig. 8) 

 41, 42, 76, (Fig. 16) 77, (Fig. 

 17) 79, 94 



Sperm-cells, which give rise to 

 spermatozoids, (Fig. 8) 41 



Splachnaceae, a family of Mosses, 

 which grow on dung of herbi- 

 vorous animals, 116 



Sporangium, a capsule-like organ 

 which bears one or usually 

 numerous spores, (Fig. 6) 37. 

 38, 52 



Sporangium, abortion of, 63 



Spores of Fern, 37, 38, 52 ; dis- 

 semination of, 40, 45 ; germi- 

 nation of, 40 



Sporophyte, the phase or genera- 

 tion in the life-history which 

 bears the spores, and is non- 

 sexual, 46 



Sprengel, K., 68, 89 



Spurge (Euphorbia), 89 



Stahl,E., experiments with snails, 

 90 



