102 



EVOLUTION AND ANIMAL LIFE 



mutability of species, and the strong individuality of each plant 

 organism, holding that the apparent fixity of characteristics is a 

 phenomenon wholly dependent for its degree of reality on the 



FIG. 08. Seedlings of the Williams early apple, showing all the colors ever found in 



apples. (From photograph by Burbank.) 



length of time this characteristic has been ontogenetically re- 

 peated in the phylogeny of the race. 



In like fashion to this working with plants, breeds of 

 animals have been established by crossing and selection with a 



