iv PRKF.U K. 



always duplicated, although those persons sketched in the 

 biographical portion may be members of the several botan- 

 it-al societies mentioned in this work. Bibliographies of 

 e;ieh botanist are given as far as the limits of the book 

 would allow. 



Great care has been taken in the selection of illustra- 

 tions. Many photographs of persons and places were made 

 available by the kindness of friends, so that it heeame 

 necessary to select a few in order to keep the number of the 

 illustrations within bounds. Many of the biographical 

 sketches are taken from various journals, all of which are 

 duly recognized in foot-notes as the source of information. 

 The author desires to thank the many kind friends who 

 have, by suggestion, materially lightened the labor of 



preparation. 



JOHN W. IlAi;snr,Ki;<;Ki;. 



ritil(ttl<-li>/ii<t, A in/iist 1, 1899. 



I'n in t-fiify of Pennsylvania. 



