15 TIIK KoTAXISTS OK IM I 1 1. A DKI.l'II 1 A . 



to have used the Linna-an system in the study of plaiiN. 

 Dr. P>enjamin I'Yanklin introduced JJartram to Kuro])ean 

 botanists, among them Doctor Gronovius, who presented the 

 Quaker hotanist with Linnaeus's Systems Natune of 17-l'i.- ;: 

 The overwhelming influence of the great Linnreus gave to 

 the botany of the eighteenth century an almost exclusively 

 systematic and descriptive character. Linmeiis was the 

 author of tlie binomial system of nomenclature of plants 

 and animals, which still goes back to his work as its basis, 

 and of the artificial "sexual system" of classification 



c/ 



based on the stamens and pistils of the flowering plants, 

 whose functions, as reproductive organs, were already 

 realized. The order which he brought out of the chaos of 

 descriptive natural history was a blessing so unalloyed, 

 and his system was so simple and seductive, that it was 

 many years before most botanists again began to realize 

 that their science properly comprehends other problems 

 than those involved in naming and pigeon-holing plants. 



It was while the Linnsean enthusiasm was at its height 

 that the first Philadelphia botanists appeared on the scene. 



In the year 1748, Peter Kalm,a Swedish naturalist, and 

 pupil of Limueus, visited Pennsylvania and spent three 

 years in exploring America, and in 17">3 published his 

 travel-." Doctor Adam Ivuhu,of Philadelphia, was proba- 



171(1. I.lNN.Kl'.s Systema naturte, in quo uaturff rcyna Iria, ,s-< cumin in 



classfx, Hi-dine.?, genera, species systematice proponuiitur J:\litio II nuclior. Stock- 



/inlniiir. Cntlfr. Kii-.tHwetter. 



Jiiirti-am's copy of this book is in possession of the Pennsylvania Historical 



Society : on the title |iaur is the \\ riling : 



" John Jiartram His booke sent to him )>y l>r. i Jroiiovius in ye year 17 16." 

 'I'hat it is authentic isshoun by the following, ulso written in the Imok : "I 



bought this book June M. is:.:;, at the sale at Mackey'9 of Books of Uol. Carr, who 



married I'.arlranrs L.Tainl-.laimliter." K. D. Ingrahani. "I boil-lit this book March 

 Jo, is.V,. at the -ale of Mr. In.i;rahanr.s Library by M. Thomas ^ Sons." A. I 'ay. 



H7i~>:; i''l. I'. KALM Kit Rt-sa lit Xorra Amvri<-. Stockholm, 111 VOlS. 



17.1-iil. K.U.M liesctn-i HIIIIKI drr J\eise tiac/i ti<m nOrdlichen Amerika. 



i.-tiinircn. :; Theile ((Jermaii translation). 



