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  THE 
  REALM 
  OF 
  ORGANISMS 
  CONTRASTED 
  

  

  remarks 
  of 
  Linnaeus 
  that 
  three 
  flies 
  will 
  consume 
  the 
  car- 
  

   case 
  of 
  a 
  horse 
  as 
  quickly 
  as 
  a 
  lion 
  can. 
  Professor 
  Woodruff 
  

   observed 
  the 
  successive 
  asexual 
  generations 
  of 
  the 
  common 
  

   slipper-animalcule 
  (Paramecium) 
  for 
  five 
  years 
  between 
  1907 
  

   and 
  1912 
  and 
  found 
  that 
  there 
  were 
  3,029 
  of 
  them 
  over 
  

   three 
  every 
  forty-eight 
  hours. 
  Careful 
  calculation 
  showed 
  

   that 
  they 
  had 
  given 
  evidence 
  of 
  the 
  capacity 
  of 
  producing 
  in 
  

   the 
  five 
  years 
  a 
  volume 
  of 
  protoplasm 
  approximately 
  equal 
  

   to 
  10,000 
  times 
  the 
  volume 
  of 
  the 
  earth. 
  This 
  power 
  of 
  

   self-increase 
  must 
  be 
  taken 
  account 
  of 
  in 
  our 
  conception 
  of 
  

   living 
  organisms, 
  and 
  the 
  resulting 
  abundance 
  of 
  life 
  must 
  

   form 
  part 
  of 
  our 
  impressionist 
  picture 
  of 
  Animal 
  Mature. 
  

   At 
  the 
  autumnal 
  climax 
  of 
  productivity 
  in 
  lakes, 
  there 
  may 
  

   be 
  to 
  the 
  square 
  yard 
  7,000 
  millions 
  of 
  a 
  well-known 
  Dia- 
  

   tom, 
  Melosira 
  varians, 
  so 
  that 
  the 
  water 
  is 
  like 
  a 
  living 
  

   soup. 
  

  

  We 
  have 
  to 
  remember, 
  moreover, 
  the 
  obvious 
  but 
  notable 
  

   fact 
  that 
  we 
  are 
  dealing 
  not 
  with 
  items 
  like 
  grains 
  of 
  sand, 
  

   but 
  with 
  individuals, 
  each 
  itself 
  and 
  no 
  other. 
  Mendel 
  put 
  

   an 
  end 
  to 
  the 
  phrase 
  " 
  as 
  like 
  as 
  two 
  peas 
  ". 
  

  

  Individual 
  organisms 
  differ 
  greatly 
  in 
  degree 
  of 
  complex- 
  

   ity 
  and 
  of 
  integration. 
  Many 
  an 
  Infusorian 
  has 
  an 
  intri- 
  

   cate 
  organisation 
  and 
  lives 
  a 
  by 
  no 
  means 
  monotonous 
  life, 
  

   though 
  it 
  is 
  only 
  what 
  we 
  somewhat 
  fallaciously 
  call 
  " 
  a 
  single 
  

   cell 
  ". 
  Hardly 
  any 
  larger 
  than 
  some 
  Infusorians 
  are 
  some 
  of 
  

   the 
  Rotifers, 
  sometimes 
  with 
  about 
  1,000 
  cells; 
  a 
  minnow 
  

   has 
  its 
  millions, 
  and 
  a 
  bird 
  its 
  millions 
  of 
  millions. 
  What 
  

   a 
  contrast 
  between 
  the 
  very 
  incipient 
  integration 
  of 
  a 
  

   sponge, 
  the 
  intricate 
  division 
  of 
  labour 
  in 
  a 
  ' 
  Portuguese 
  Man 
  

   of 
  War 
  ' 
  hesitating 
  between 
  colony 
  and 
  individual, 
  and 
  the 
  

   compact 
  co-ordination 
  of 
  the 
  circumspect 
  wren. 
  As 
  a 
  recent 
  

   student 
  of 
  the 
  subject, 
  Mr. 
  Julian 
  S. 
  Huxley 
  (1912), 
  puts 
  

  

  