﻿ANIMAL 
  BEHAVIOUR 
  181 
  

  

  suffices 
  for 
  the 
  potassium 
  pill 
  rushing 
  about 
  on 
  the 
  surface 
  

   of 
  the 
  water. 
  

  

  The 
  Amoeba 
  encounters 
  a 
  hurtful 
  stimulating 
  influence 
  

   affecting 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  cell 
  ; 
  it 
  withdraws 
  the 
  stimulated 
  part, 
  

   and 
  that 
  is 
  related 
  to 
  the 
  localisation 
  of 
  the 
  influence. 
  But 
  

   it 
  proceeds 
  to 
  send 
  forth 
  a 
  finger-like 
  process 
  of 
  its 
  living 
  

   matter 
  in 
  a 
  new 
  direction, 
  and 
  the 
  issue 
  of 
  this 
  is 
  determined 
  

   by 
  internal 
  conditions. 
  " 
  If 
  the 
  new 
  direction 
  of 
  movement 
  

   leads 
  to 
  further 
  stimulation, 
  a 
  new 
  trial 
  is 
  made. 
  Such 
  

   trials 
  are 
  repeated 
  till 
  either 
  there 
  is 
  no 
  further 
  stimulation, 
  

   or 
  if 
  it 
  is 
  not 
  possible 
  to 
  escape 
  completely, 
  until 
  the 
  stimu- 
  

   lation 
  falls 
  on 
  the 
  posterior 
  end, 
  and 
  the 
  animal 
  is 
  retracted 
  

   directly 
  from 
  the 
  source 
  of 
  stimulation 
  7 
  (Jennings, 
  1906, 
  

   p. 
  22). 
  The 
  importance 
  of 
  this 
  is 
  great. 
  A 
  direction 
  is 
  

   taken 
  because 
  it 
  relieves 
  the 
  Amoeba 
  from 
  hurtful 
  stimula- 
  

   tion. 
  There 
  is, 
  Jennings 
  says, 
  " 
  selection 
  from 
  among 
  the 
  

   conditions 
  produced 
  by 
  varied 
  movements 
  ". 
  Thus 
  the 
  

   behaviour 
  of 
  Amoeba 
  is 
  directly 
  adaptive 
  ; 
  it 
  tends 
  to 
  preserve 
  

   the 
  life 
  of 
  the 
  animal 
  and 
  to 
  aid 
  it 
  in 
  carrying 
  on 
  its 
  normal 
  

   activities" 
  (p. 
  23). 
  

  

  " 
  The 
  writer 
  is 
  thoroughly 
  convinced, 
  after 
  long 
  study 
  

   of 
  the 
  behaviour 
  of 
  this 
  organism, 
  that 
  if 
  Amoeba 
  were 
  a 
  

   large 
  animal, 
  so 
  as 
  to 
  come 
  within 
  the 
  everyday 
  experience 
  

   of 
  human 
  beings, 
  its 
  behaviour 
  would 
  at 
  once 
  call 
  forth 
  the 
  

   attribution 
  to 
  it 
  of 
  states 
  of 
  pleasure 
  and 
  pain, 
  of 
  hunger, 
  

   desire, 
  and 
  the 
  like, 
  on 
  precisely 
  the 
  same 
  basis 
  as 
  we 
  

   attribute 
  these 
  things 
  to 
  the 
  dog. 
  This 
  natural 
  recognition 
  

   is 
  exactly 
  what 
  Miinsterberg 
  (Grundziige 
  der 
  Psychologie, 
  

   Bd. 
  I., 
  1900) 
  has 
  emphasised 
  as 
  the 
  test 
  of 
  a 
  subject. 
  In 
  

   conducting 
  objective 
  investigations 
  we 
  train 
  ourselves 
  to 
  sup- 
  

   press 
  this 
  impression, 
  but 
  thorough 
  investigation 
  tends 
  to 
  

   restore 
  it 
  stronger 
  than 
  at 
  first' 
  (p. 
  336). 
  

  

  