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  ANIMAL 
  BEHAVIOUR 
  

  

  big 
  brain 
  type 
  is 
  relatively 
  poor 
  in 
  ingrained 
  capacities 
  of 
  

   instinctive 
  behaviour 
  but 
  is 
  eminently 
  educable: 
  the 
  chick 
  

   reared 
  in 
  an 
  incubator 
  in 
  the 
  laboratory 
  does 
  not 
  recognise 
  

   what 
  water 
  is, 
  even 
  when 
  it 
  is 
  thirsty 
  and 
  standing 
  in 
  it; 
  

   it 
  does 
  not 
  know 
  what 
  its 
  unseen 
  mother's 
  cluck 
  means 
  ; 
  and 
  

   it 
  will 
  stuff 
  its 
  crop 
  once 
  or 
  twice 
  with 
  worms 
  of 
  red 
  worsted. 
  

   But 
  it 
  learns 
  to 
  find 
  its 
  way 
  about 
  with 
  prodigious 
  rapidity. 
  

   The 
  little 
  brain 
  type 
  is 
  rich 
  in 
  ingrained 
  capacities 
  of 
  in- 
  

   stinctive 
  behaviour, 
  but 
  is 
  relatively 
  non-educable. 
  If 
  a 
  bell- 
  

   jar 
  be 
  placed 
  over 
  the 
  nest 
  of 
  a 
  ground-wasp, 
  from 
  the 
  

   door 
  of 
  which 
  the 
  inmates 
  are 
  wont 
  to 
  fly 
  away, 
  they 
  are 
  

   psychically 
  unable 
  to 
  force 
  a 
  path 
  out 
  amid 
  the 
  herbage 
  

   pressed 
  down 
  by 
  the 
  edge 
  of 
  the 
  glass. 
  Even 
  when 
  those 
  

   outside 
  force 
  a 
  way 
  in, 
  they 
  cannot 
  come 
  out 
  again, 
  or 
  give 
  

   their 
  fellows 
  a 
  hint 
  how 
  to 
  escape. 
  

  

  It 
  must 
  not 
  be 
  supposed, 
  however, 
  that 
  the 
  little 
  brain 
  type 
  

   is 
  unable 
  to 
  profit 
  by 
  experience. 
  We 
  know 
  in 
  fact 
  that 
  they 
  

   build 
  up 
  complex 
  chains 
  of 
  associations. 
  It 
  is 
  instructive 
  

   to 
  recall 
  Professor 
  Yung's 
  experiments 
  with 
  hive-bees. 
  Of 
  

   20 
  taken 
  in 
  a 
  box 
  into 
  the 
  country 
  6 
  kilometres 
  from 
  

   Geneva, 
  17 
  returned; 
  of 
  those 
  17 
  taken 
  next 
  day 
  out 
  on 
  

   to 
  the 
  lake, 
  none 
  returned. 
  This 
  is 
  to 
  be 
  contrasted 
  with 
  

   the 
  successful 
  return 
  of 
  the 
  terns 
  which 
  were 
  taken 
  from 
  

   Bird 
  Key 
  in 
  the 
  Tortugas 
  to 
  Cape 
  Hatteras, 
  850 
  miles 
  into 
  

   seas 
  never 
  before 
  visited; 
  yet 
  some 
  returned 
  in 
  safety 
  to 
  

   their 
  nests. 
  

  

  Those 
  who 
  incline 
  to 
  use 
  in 
  reference 
  to 
  ants 
  and 
  bees, 
  

   crabs 
  and 
  spiders, 
  the 
  terms 
  we 
  need 
  in 
  describing 
  our 
  own 
  

   activities, 
  should 
  remember 
  the 
  great 
  differences 
  in 
  the 
  plan 
  

   of 
  the 
  nervous 
  system 
  in 
  the 
  respective 
  ranks 
  of 
  Arthropods 
  

   and 
  Vertebrates. 
  In 
  the 
  former 
  there 
  is 
  much 
  less 
  centralisa- 
  

   tion; 
  the 
  cerebral 
  ganglia 
  are 
  connected 
  with 
  a 
  ventral 
  chain 
  

  

  