﻿THE 
  PROBLEM 
  OF 
  BODY 
  AND 
  MIND 
  253 
  

  

  of 
  the 
  physical 
  is 
  the 
  actuality 
  of 
  the 
  psychical 
  and 
  the 
  

   potentiality 
  of 
  the 
  psychical 
  is 
  the 
  actuality 
  of 
  the 
  physical. 
  

   Or, 
  to 
  put 
  it 
  in 
  the 
  form 
  of 
  a 
  definition 
  of 
  consciousness 
  : 
  

   Consciousness 
  is 
  the 
  potential 
  or 
  implicative 
  presence 
  of 
  a 
  

   thing 
  at 
  a 
  space 
  or 
  time 
  in 
  which 
  that 
  thing 
  is 
  not 
  actually 
  

   present 
  . 
  . 
  ." 
  (W. 
  P. 
  Montague, 
  p. 
  281). 
  " 
  By 
  hylopsychism 
  

   I 
  wish 
  to 
  denote 
  the 
  theory 
  that 
  all 
  matter 
  is 
  instinct 
  with 
  

   something 
  of 
  the 
  cognitive 
  function 
  ; 
  that 
  every 
  objective 
  

   event 
  has 
  that 
  self-transcending 
  implication 
  of 
  other 
  events 
  

   which 
  when 
  it 
  occurs 
  on 
  the 
  scale 
  that 
  it 
  does 
  in 
  our 
  brain 
  

   processes 
  we 
  call 
  consciousness' 
  (p. 
  283). 
  

  

  Is 
  there 
  any 
  difference 
  between 
  this 
  and 
  the 
  monistic 
  spec- 
  

   ulation 
  of 
  Prof. 
  Lloyd 
  Morgan 
  ? 
  " 
  Of 
  simple 
  awareness 
  

   there 
  can 
  be 
  no 
  evidence 
  by 
  acquaintance, 
  save 
  in 
  being 
  aware. 
  

   And 
  since 
  we 
  cannot 
  be 
  an 
  Amreba 
  or 
  an 
  isolated 
  neurone, 
  

   an 
  oak 
  or 
  an 
  acorn, 
  an 
  attracting 
  magnet 
  or 
  a 
  shred 
  of 
  iron 
  

   attracted 
  thereto, 
  we 
  can 
  never 
  directly 
  know 
  whether 
  in 
  

   them 
  some 
  dim 
  awareness 
  is 
  present 
  or 
  absent. 
  None 
  the 
  

   less 
  we 
  may 
  be 
  permitted 
  to 
  suppose 
  that 
  awareness, 
  as 
  a 
  

   specific 
  mode 
  of 
  relation 
  between 
  terms, 
  is 
  ubiquitous 
  

   throughout 
  nature 
  basing 
  this 
  supposal 
  on 
  the 
  principle 
  

   of 
  continuity. 
  If 
  here 
  in 
  us 
  in 
  high 
  measure, 
  then 
  in 
  the 
  

   oak 
  and 
  the 
  acorn, 
  in 
  the 
  molecule 
  and 
  the 
  atom, 
  in 
  their 
  

   several 
  measures 
  and 
  degrees' 
  (1915, 
  p. 
  10). 
  

  

  To 
  demand 
  of 
  the 
  biologist 
  an 
  explanation 
  of 
  the 
  double 
  

   aspect 
  of 
  the 
  psycho-physical 
  being 
  is 
  to 
  demand 
  the 
  im- 
  

   possible. 
  Organisms 
  are 
  unique 
  facts; 
  intelligent 
  organisms 
  

   are 
  unique 
  facts. 
  But 
  if 
  the 
  biologist 
  is 
  pressed 
  hard 
  and 
  

   asked 
  if 
  there 
  is 
  no 
  other 
  unique 
  fact 
  beside 
  which 
  he 
  can 
  

   place 
  his 
  double-aspect 
  organism, 
  perhaps 
  he 
  may 
  answer, 
  

   " 
  Why, 
  there 
  is 
  only 
  thought 
  itself, 
  which 
  is 
  subjective 
  and 
  

   objective 
  at 
  once," 
  

  

  