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  THE 
  ISSUES 
  OF 
  LIFE 
  

  

  reactions 
  and 
  responses 
  to 
  environing 
  difficulties 
  and 
  limi- 
  

   tations. 
  

  

  Thus 
  the 
  nightmare 
  picture 
  of 
  the 
  Struggle 
  for 
  Exist- 
  

   ence 
  as 
  " 
  a 
  dismal 
  cockpit 
  ' 
  gives 
  place 
  to 
  a 
  more 
  accurate 
  

   one. 
  It 
  is 
  often 
  an 
  Endeavour 
  after 
  Well-being 
  on 
  a 
  non- 
  

   competitive 
  basis. 
  We 
  see 
  reason 
  to 
  regard 
  as 
  inaccurate 
  

   the 
  conception 
  of 
  Animate 
  Nature 
  as 
  " 
  all 
  weather 
  ". 
  

  

  We 
  must 
  not 
  allow 
  interests 
  other 
  than 
  those 
  of 
  accuracy 
  

   and 
  consistency 
  to 
  intrude 
  in 
  scientific 
  inquiry, 
  but 
  the 
  fact 
  

   must 
  be 
  pointed 
  out 
  that 
  vague 
  views 
  of 
  what 
  obtains 
  in 
  

   Nature 
  have 
  had 
  a 
  deplorable 
  influence 
  in 
  human 
  affairs. 
  

   What 
  was 
  at 
  first 
  said 
  almost 
  in 
  jest, 
  " 
  The 
  struggle 
  for 
  

   existence 
  laissez 
  faire 
  the 
  survival 
  of 
  the 
  fittest 
  ", 
  has 
  

   become 
  to 
  some 
  a 
  philosophy 
  of 
  life. 
  There 
  has 
  been 
  a 
  sin- 
  

   ister 
  effect 
  of 
  careless 
  Darwinism. 
  As 
  has 
  been 
  well 
  said, 
  

   " 
  It 
  has 
  given 
  the 
  seeming 
  sanction 
  of 
  science 
  at 
  one 
  time 
  

   to 
  a 
  soulless 
  commercialism, 
  at 
  another 
  to 
  an 
  overweening 
  

   pride 
  of 
  race 
  and 
  the 
  lust 
  of 
  dominion. 
  By 
  one 
  of 
  the 
  par- 
  

   adoxes 
  to 
  which 
  the 
  history 
  of 
  thought 
  is 
  prone, 
  the 
  theory 
  

   of 
  progress 
  has 
  been 
  in 
  the 
  main 
  a 
  weapon 
  in 
  the 
  hands 
  

   of 
  intellectual 
  and 
  moral 
  reaction. 
  But 
  every 
  new 
  theory 
  

   has 
  to 
  go 
  through 
  its 
  infantile 
  diseases. 
  The 
  worst 
  of 
  these 
  

   arises 
  from 
  that 
  distemper 
  of 
  the 
  mind, 
  peculiarly 
  prevalent 
  

   in 
  the 
  half-educated 
  world 
  of 
  modern 
  thought, 
  which 
  prompts 
  

   men 
  to 
  pick 
  up 
  ideas 
  which 
  specialists 
  have 
  elaborated 
  for 
  

   their 
  own 
  purposes 
  in 
  their 
  own 
  departments 
  and 
  apply 
  them 
  

   indiscriminately 
  as 
  catchwords 
  to 
  settle 
  questions 
  arising 
  in 
  

   another 
  sphere." 
  

  

  What 
  is 
  fallacious 
  in 
  the 
  careless 
  Darwinism 
  alluded 
  to? 
  

   There 
  is: 
  (1) 
  a 
  narrow 
  and 
  wooden 
  conception 
  of 
  the 
  

   Struggle 
  for 
  Existence 
  which 
  includes 
  many 
  endeavours 
  that 
  

   are 
  not 
  directly 
  competitive 
  at 
  all 
  ; 
  (2) 
  a 
  failure 
  to 
  perceive 
  

  

  