﻿ADAPTIVENESS 
  AND 
  PURPOSIVENESS 
  335 
  

  

  endeavours 
  within 
  our 
  own 
  experience. 
  How 
  careful 
  we 
  

   must 
  be 
  in 
  regard 
  to 
  the 
  purposefulness 
  of 
  animals 
  who 
  are 
  

   very 
  distantly 
  related, 
  whose 
  language 
  if 
  they 
  have 
  any 
  

   we 
  do 
  not 
  know, 
  whose 
  behaviour 
  is 
  cast 
  on 
  different 
  lines 
  

   from 
  ours. 
  

  

  When 
  we 
  see 
  a 
  blacksmith 
  take 
  a 
  twisted 
  shoe 
  from 
  a 
  

   horse's 
  foot, 
  heat 
  it 
  in 
  the 
  fire, 
  hammer 
  it, 
  cool 
  it, 
  file 
  it, 
  

   and 
  so 
  on, 
  we 
  know 
  from 
  the 
  very 
  first 
  what 
  his 
  purpose 
  

   is, 
  and 
  we 
  understand 
  more 
  or 
  less 
  every 
  step 
  in 
  relation 
  

   to 
  the 
  obvious 
  end. 
  But 
  if 
  we 
  watch 
  a 
  potter 
  or 
  a 
  glass 
  

   blower 
  or 
  the 
  like 
  for 
  the 
  first 
  time 
  we 
  find 
  it 
  more 
  difficult 
  

   from 
  what 
  we 
  see 
  to 
  prove 
  that 
  he 
  is 
  not 
  amusing 
  himself; 
  

   he 
  does 
  things 
  that 
  we 
  do 
  not 
  see 
  the 
  meaning 
  of; 
  he 
  ends 
  

   just 
  at 
  the 
  last 
  moment 
  by 
  turning 
  out 
  something 
  which 
  

   we 
  did 
  not 
  expect. 
  There 
  is 
  here 
  the 
  warning 
  that 
  a 
  sequence 
  

   may 
  be 
  actuated 
  by 
  purpose 
  through 
  and 
  through 
  although 
  

   we 
  do 
  not 
  recognise 
  the 
  domination 
  not 
  even 
  when 
  we 
  know 
  

   the 
  end. 
  

  

  5. 
  Purposiveness 
  and 
  Purposefulness 
  in 
  Animal 
  

  

  Behaviour. 
  

  

  Let 
  us 
  pass 
  to 
  animal 
  behaviour. 
  When 
  a 
  dog 
  hides 
  an 
  

   unfinished 
  bone 
  in 
  a 
  very 
  unusual 
  place 
  ; 
  when 
  Lord 
  Ave- 
  

   bury's 
  dog 
  Van 
  goes 
  to 
  its 
  box 
  and 
  brings 
  out 
  and 
  arranges 
  

   the 
  letters 
  T-E-A; 
  when 
  rooks 
  take 
  fresh-water 
  mussels 
  to 
  

   a 
  great 
  height 
  and 
  let 
  them 
  fall 
  on 
  the 
  shingle 
  beneath 
  so 
  

   that 
  they 
  are 
  broken; 
  when 
  a 
  mother 
  weasel, 
  accompanied 
  

   by 
  one 
  of 
  her 
  offspring, 
  about 
  to 
  be 
  overtaken 
  on 
  the 
  links, 
  

   seizes 
  the 
  youngster 
  in 
  her 
  mouth, 
  dashes 
  on 
  ahead, 
  and 
  lays 
  

   it 
  in 
  a 
  sandy 
  hole 
  ; 
  when 
  beavers 
  cut 
  a 
  canal 
  right 
  through 
  

   a 
  large 
  island 
  in 
  a 
  river 
  ; 
  when 
  mares, 
  some 
  past 
  foaling, 
  

   unite 
  to 
  lift 
  up 
  between 
  them 
  a 
  number 
  of 
  foals 
  on 
  the 
  

  

  