﻿210 
  ANIMAL 
  BEHAVIOUR 
  

  

  deliver 
  them, 
  we 
  seem 
  to 
  be 
  in 
  a 
  world 
  very 
  different 
  from 
  

   that 
  of 
  intelligence. 
  

  

  While 
  the 
  frequent 
  limitations 
  of 
  instinctive 
  behaviour 
  

   seem 
  to 
  us 
  to 
  point 
  to 
  a 
  differentia 
  between 
  it 
  and 
  intelligent 
  

   behaviour, 
  we 
  find 
  further 
  evidence 
  in 
  considering 
  its 
  achieve- 
  

   ments 
  in 
  preparing 
  for 
  the 
  unforeseen 
  and 
  remote 
  for 
  off- 
  

   spring 
  which 
  will 
  never 
  be 
  seen, 
  for 
  the 
  evasion 
  of 
  a 
  winter 
  

   which 
  will 
  never 
  be 
  experienced. 
  There 
  is 
  an 
  adjustment 
  

   of 
  means 
  to 
  ends 
  which 
  certainly 
  does 
  not 
  rest 
  on 
  a 
  basis 
  

   of 
  individual 
  experience. 
  It 
  is 
  possible 
  to 
  say 
  that 
  this 
  

   organisation 
  for 
  the 
  attainment 
  of 
  remote 
  and 
  unknown 
  ends 
  

   is 
  the 
  inherited 
  result 
  of 
  an 
  originally 
  intelligent 
  prevision, 
  

   but 
  there 
  are 
  great 
  difficulties 
  in 
  face 
  of 
  this 
  theory. 
  There 
  

   is 
  certainly 
  inherited 
  organisation, 
  but 
  there 
  is 
  no 
  evidence 
  

   that 
  the 
  instinctive 
  behaviour 
  ever 
  passed 
  through 
  an 
  intelli- 
  

   gent 
  phase. 
  In 
  simple 
  cases, 
  we 
  can 
  imagine 
  a 
  sort 
  of 
  

   intelligent 
  argument 
  from 
  analogy 
  : 
  thus 
  the 
  woodpecker-like 
  

   bird, 
  Colaptes 
  mexicanus, 
  feeds 
  on 
  insects 
  while 
  it 
  can, 
  but 
  

   stores 
  acorns 
  against 
  the 
  day 
  when 
  no 
  insects 
  will 
  be 
  availa- 
  

   ble. 
  But 
  no 
  analogy 
  can 
  suggest 
  making 
  elaborate 
  provision 
  

   for 
  offspring 
  that 
  are 
  never 
  seen. 
  

  

  If 
  we 
  rule 
  out 
  the 
  theory 
  that 
  instinctive 
  behaviour 
  has 
  

   no 
  psychical 
  side, 
  for 
  that 
  is 
  an 
  outrageously 
  false 
  simplicity, 
  

   we 
  may 
  say 
  that 
  there 
  is 
  a 
  considerable 
  amount 
  of 
  common 
  

   ground 
  between 
  the 
  various 
  theories. 
  There 
  are 
  plainly 
  two 
  

   aspects 
  of 
  instinctive 
  behaviour 
  objective 
  and 
  subjective. 
  

   There 
  is 
  the 
  hereditary 
  organisation 
  of 
  the 
  nervous 
  system 
  

   which 
  has 
  been 
  so 
  prepared 
  or 
  evolved 
  that 
  the 
  specific 
  be- 
  

   haviour 
  comes 
  automatically 
  when 
  the 
  organism 
  is 
  appropri- 
  

   ately 
  stimulated. 
  But 
  there 
  is 
  also 
  the 
  associated 
  instinctive 
  

   experience, 
  some 
  degrees 
  of 
  awareness 
  of 
  the 
  situation, 
  some 
  

   memory 
  of 
  analogous 
  past 
  experiences, 
  some 
  more 
  or 
  less 
  dim 
  

  

  