﻿312 
  THE 
  ISSUES 
  OF 
  LIFE 
  

  

  conviction 
  that 
  he 
  looks 
  forward 
  to 
  the 
  control 
  of 
  the 
  birth- 
  

   rate 
  and 
  to 
  the 
  regularisation 
  of 
  industrialism 
  as 
  likely 
  to 
  

   bring 
  wars 
  to 
  an 
  end, 
  we 
  should 
  add 
  as 
  a 
  more 
  positive 
  pacific 
  

   factor 
  an 
  increase 
  of 
  inter-relations 
  which 
  will 
  promote 
  

   tolerance 
  for, 
  and 
  intelligent 
  appreciation 
  of 
  those 
  who 
  are 
  

   very 
  different 
  from 
  ourselves. 
  

  

  But 
  the 
  immediate 
  point 
  is 
  that 
  the 
  militarists 
  7 
  appeal 
  to 
  

   history 
  is 
  not 
  any 
  more 
  convincing 
  than 
  their 
  appeal 
  to 
  

   biology. 
  The 
  facts 
  are 
  against 
  them 
  in 
  both 
  fields. 
  

  

  The 
  third 
  appeal 
  of 
  the 
  militarists 
  is 
  to 
  ethics, 
  and 
  may 
  

   be 
  illustrated 
  by 
  Moltke's 
  famous 
  letter 
  of 
  1880 
  " 
  Eternal 
  

   peace 
  is 
  a 
  dream, 
  and 
  not 
  even 
  a 
  beautiful 
  dream, 
  and 
  war 
  

   is 
  a 
  part 
  of 
  God's 
  world-order. 
  In 
  war 
  are 
  developed 
  the 
  

   noblest 
  virtues 
  of 
  mankind; 
  courage 
  and 
  sacrifice, 
  fidelity 
  

   and 
  the 
  willingness 
  to 
  sacrifice 
  life 
  itself. 
  Without 
  war 
  

   the 
  world 
  would 
  be 
  swallowed 
  up 
  in 
  materialism." 
  There 
  

   are 
  two 
  half-truths 
  here. 
  The 
  first 
  is 
  that 
  war 
  does 
  evoke 
  

   noble 
  virtues; 
  the 
  missing 
  half 
  is 
  that 
  there 
  are 
  other 
  en- 
  

   deavours 
  outside 
  of 
  war 
  that 
  may 
  evoke 
  these 
  virtues 
  not 
  less 
  

   well, 
  and 
  much 
  less 
  wastefully. 
  Moreover, 
  no 
  one 
  can 
  forget 
  

   that 
  war 
  evokes 
  other 
  qualities 
  than 
  virtues. 
  The 
  second 
  

   half-truth 
  is 
  that 
  struggle 
  and 
  sifting 
  seem 
  to 
  be 
  needed 
  

   for 
  the 
  welfare 
  of 
  humanity; 
  the 
  missing 
  half 
  is 
  that 
  war 
  

   is 
  only 
  one 
  of 
  the 
  many 
  forms 
  of 
  struggle. 
  As 
  Havelock 
  

   Ellis 
  tersely 
  puts 
  it, 
  " 
  Conflict 
  is 
  a 
  genus 
  with 
  many 
  species, 
  

   of 
  which 
  war 
  is 
  only 
  one 
  " 
  and 
  one 
  of 
  violence, 
  from 
  which 
  

   at 
  every 
  level 
  it 
  is 
  the 
  effort 
  of 
  civilisation 
  to 
  deliver 
  us. 
  

   Struggle 
  we 
  can 
  never 
  do 
  without, 
  but 
  of 
  war 
  the 
  world 
  

   has 
  had 
  more 
  than 
  enough. 
  

  

  Let 
  us 
  state 
  the 
  case 
  more 
  generally. 
  Endeavour 
  and 
  

   sifting 
  are 
  surely 
  conditions 
  of 
  progress, 
  but 
  war 
  between 
  

   races 
  is 
  only 
  one 
  mode 
  and 
  it 
  seems 
  very 
  doubtful 
  that 
  it 
  

  

  