CHAP, ix.] TEETH: CANID^E. 217 



size below the normal, having a single root and a crown slightly 

 developed, like that of m 3 . This reduced condition of ,- may 

 also occur in cases in which >'' is not absent. These observations 

 of Hensel's, which are of great consequence to an appreciation 

 of the nature of Repetition, I can fully attest, and similar cases 

 of Variation in adjacent teeth associated with the presence of a 

 supernumerary were seen in other animals also. 



A. WILD GAMBLE. 



Supernumerary Molars. 



246. C. lupus: 26 normals seen. Specimen from Courland having 

 supernumerary m? on left. In this specimen ^ is rather ab- 

 normally large on both sides, and the lower third molar, on the 

 left side, viz. that on which the upper jaw has an extra tooth, is 

 larger than right ^, but it is not larger than usual. C. M., 

 976, M. 



HENSEL, 1. c., p. 548, saw 27 skulls, none having extra molar, but 

 one specimen known to him had a right w^. 



247 C. mesomelas ijj (a Jackal): small, bitubercular left IH?. Doxrrz, 

 ' Sitzb. naturf. Fr. Berlin, 1872, p. 54. (See Nos. 226 and 228.) 



The S. American Camdce (Lycalopex group) are remarkable 

 for the frequency with which they possess extra molars, as the 

 following cases (C. azarce, vetulus, magellanicus and cancrivorus) 

 testify. FLOWER and LYDEKKER 1 speak of the occasional presence 

 of w 3 in C. cancrivorus, but the evidence taken together seems 

 rather to shew that there is a general variability at the end of 

 the molar series in both jaws in these species ; for not only is 

 ^! found, but in some cases m* also, while in one instance there 

 was an 'odontome,' or rather a complex of 4 small teeth attached 

 to m 3 . 



248. C. vetulus, Brazil : specimen having an extra molar in right 

 lower jaw (Fig. 44, 1.). The posterior part of m? is slightly pushed 

 outwards and a very small extra tooth stands behind and partly 

 internal to it. Right Irf is slightly larger than left m? and differs 

 from it also a little in pattern. The extra tooth has one large 

 and about three smaller blunt cusps on its crown, and might be 

 described as a small representation of the larger w* seen in other 

 cases. B. M., 84. 2. 21. 1 (mentioned by MiVART 2 , Monoyr. Canidce). 

 *249. Canis azarae : Brazilian specimen having a large supT- 

 numerary molar (&_ 3 ) in each upper jaw placed in series with the 

 others. In this specimen the great enlargement of ^ is very 



1 Mammals, Liring and Extinct, 181)1, p. 540. 



- In the same place Mivart mentions a case of wf in " C. cancrivorus," Imt I have 

 not seen it. Perhaps this reference is to van der Hoeven's case (No. 24U) which was 

 by Burrneister named C. cancrirorus (see HUXLEY, P. Z. S., 1880, p. 2(>s). 



