184 MKKISTK VARIATION. [PART I. 



on i- "it :i<-li side below them. The latter were concealed by the 

 pendent breasta When the child was being suckled milk oo/.-d 

 from each of tin uppermost or axillary nipples, but from the 

 n -maining MX Mipernumerary nipples milk could only be extracted 

 l>v pressure. The flowing of milk from supernumerary nipples 

 when tin' child is at the normal breasts, has often been observed. 



A few references to cases exhibiting the several features above 



llielit I -d lll.'IV In- ,,f II-.-. 



I4!>. l!itid ni|iple. the same on each lnva-t [plane of division not 

 -peciM- dj. |)i VAI.. l>u Maiiielon et de -son aureole, Paris 1801, 



p. !MI. 



1 .'id. Two nipples on the same areola, bilaterally symmetrical. The 

 t wo nipples >tood in the mammary line defined above. TIEDEMAXX, 

 Ztsch.f. Physiol, v., l.s:, p. lid, Taf. i. fig. 3. 



I ;, i. Cases are given by CHAIKJOT and LE GEXDHE, Gaz. med. de 

 Paris, I s * "'!. p. 77-'!. in which an extra nipple was placed external 

 to the n..riiial one mi the same breast. In one of these the extra 

 nipple li.nl n. i areola Leichtenstern (p. 253) in quoting these 

 cases, -peaks <>f them as instances of supernumerary nipples on 

 the vaiue level as the normal ones, but this is not expressly stated 

 in the original account, which does not, as I think, exclude the 

 p. iliility that the supernumerary nipples were above and external 

 to the normal cues. Two functional nipples with separate areolae 

 on the lett breast, which nevertheless was not larger than that of 

 the ri-ht -ide. il,nl. The same authors mention another ease in 

 uhich >uch a second nipple had no areola; the mother of patient 

 Lted to ha\e been the same. See also SIXETY. Gaz. I/K : </. de 

 Paris, l"vS7. p. :!I7 (full description and measurements). In this 

 Case the Miperiiunierary nipple was placed below the normal one. 



1 .'i'. A case in which t hive nipples were placed on each breast is given 

 l.\ I'ATI. LINTS, J//.v,v//. Curios., ,vc., 1687, Decur. ii. Ami. v. 



AI>/-II<I. p. 40. The case is given on the authority of PRACKEL 

 and tin- three nipples are said to have ken arranged in an equi- 

 lateral triangle, the normal being above at the apex, and the two 

 others at the same level be|o\v. The de scr i pt ion a lid t he figure 

 accompanying it do not however justify complete confidence in 

 this observation, and indeed the contributions of 1 'an 11 in us to the 

 Miscellanea Curiosa contain so much of the marvellous that they 

 >lioidd not be accepted without hesitation. The same may be 

 ^aid of the case of jh'c nipples each having an areola quoted by 

 PEROT and LAURENT, !>></. Sci. mi.. \x\iv. p. r)i7,.v. v."Multi- 



mamme." The authority for this case is a letter of HannaMis to 

 llorrichius, dated Hi7">. 1 have not found any observation of this 

 class ..f abnormality later than the seventeenth century, but it is 

 of course quite pliable that cases may occur in which the nipples 

 are distributed on the breast otherwise than along the mammary 

 lines. 



