CHAP. VIII.] 



MAMMAE. 



185 



15? 



o. Supernumerary mamma with nipple in axilla, LEICHTENSTERN, 

 p. 245, and others. 



154. Supernumerary mamma above and external to the normal ones. 

 Numerous cases; see especially case of two bilaterally symmetrical 

 mammae in this position, SHANNON, Dull. Med. Jour., 1848, v. p. 

 266, Jig. [figure repeated by AHLFELD, WILLIAMS &c.]; also similar 

 case, QuiXQUAUD, Rev. photogr. des hop., 1870, p. 11). 



155. Supernumerary mammae below and internal to normal ones: 

 numerous cases, see LEICHTENSTERN, &c. In nearly all these the 



FIG. 30. Supernumerary nipples and mamma? of different sizes in human 

 female. (After BRUCE.) 



supernumerary organs are close to the normal mammae. A few 

 examples of such structures on the upper part of the abdominal 

 wall are known, e.g., TARNIER in his edition of CAZEAUX, Traite de 

 I'art des Accouchements, 1870, ed. 8, p. 86. In the male several 

 such cases are recorded, e.g., BRUCE, J. An at. P/tys., xin. 1879, p. 

 446, PI. Examples of this kind in the female are shewn in Fig. 

 30 (after Bruce) and in the male in Fig. 31 (after Leichtenstern). 



156. Mammary tumours in the axilla are described by CHAMPNEYS, 

 Med. Cliir. Trans., 1886, LXIX. p. 419, as of common occurrence in 

 lying-in women. These structures are of various sizes and without 

 any nipple, pore, or duct. The secretion was obtained by squeez- 

 ing the lump and oozed through the skin at the situations of the 

 sebaceous follicles. In this manner both colostrum and milk were 

 obtained, following each other as in the normal mammae. Similar 

 observations in single cases have been made by man} r writers. 



157. Redundant mammary tissue of this kind connected with, and 

 thus forming an axillary extension of the normal mamma?, CAME- 

 RON, Jour. Anat. Phys., 1879, xm. p. 149; also XOTTA, Arch, de 

 Tocologie, 1882, p. 108. 



