SUMMARY OF THE CHAPTER 47 



Thus the weak solution, 0.0125%, of AuCl 3 , which is fatal to 

 anthrax, does not injure the glanders bacillus, which requires 

 a solution 20 times as strong ; and we conclude that the chemi- 

 cal constitution of the glanders bacillus must be different from 

 that of anthrax. 



The dissimilarity of the different protoplasms may be either 

 a qualitative or a quantitative one. That is to say, the kinds 

 of molecules, or the proportions of the different molecules, may 

 differ in the two cases. If we assume that gold chloride acts 

 upon protoplasm by the Au replacing some of the H in an 

 amido-acid, then the diversity in action of AuCl 3 upon anthrax 

 and typhoid may be accounted for by assuming that the amido- 

 acids are dissimilar in anthrax and typhoid or that the propor- 

 tion of the kinds especially affected is different in the two cases. 

 To which of these two causes the diverse reactions to AuCl 3 are 

 due cannot yet, in any given case, be determined. 



A second principle which we may draw from our data is this: 

 Some kinds of protoplasm have a general high resistance to all 

 chemical agents, while other kinds have a high or low resistance 

 to particular agents only (specific high or low resistance). 

 Thus, in the case of pathogenic bacteria, the experiments of 

 BOER ('90) show that, in general, the anthrax bacillus has a 

 low resistance, and glanders a high one. His experiments were 

 made with 10 reagents upon five kinds of bacteria. Table VII 

 gives in modified form the results obtained by BOER. His 

 results are given in the form of Table V; the present table 

 is constructed from the original by making the mean of the 

 five observations in each column unity and reducing the sepa- 

 rate observations proportionately. Thus Table V becomes 



TABLE VI 



Anthrax bacillus 0.09 



Cholera spirillum 0.75 



Diphtheria bacillus 0.75 



Typhoid bacillus 1.51 



Glanders bacillus 1.88 



All the other determinations have been treated in like manner. 

 Throughout the table the numbers in each column stand for 



