200 



MALPIGHIACEAE. 



Family 8. RUTACEAE Juss. 

 RUE FAMILY. 



Trees or shrubs, rarely herbs, with heavy-scented and glandular-punc- 

 tate foliage, mainly compound estipulate leaves, and perfect or polyg- 

 amo-dioecious flowers. Sepals 4 or 5, or none. Petals 4 or 5, hypogy- 

 nous or perigynous. Stamens of the same number, or twice as many, 

 distinct, inserted on the receptacle; anthers 2-celled, mostly versatile. Disk 

 annular. Pistils 2-5, distinct, or 1 and compound of 25 carpels. Fruit 

 various. Endosperm generally fleshy, sometimes none. About 110 genera 

 and 950 species, most abundant in South Africa and Australia. 



Leaves pinnately compound ; fruit capsular. 1. Zanthoxylum. 



Leaves 1-foliolate ; fruit a large berry with a rind. 2. Citrus. 



1. ZANTHOXYLUM L. 



Trees or shrubs with alternate odd-pinnate leaves, the twigs and petioles 

 commonly prickly. Flowers axillary or terminal, cymose, whitish or greenish, 

 mostly small. Sepals 4 or 5, or none. Petals imbricated. Staminate flowers 

 with 4 or 5 hypogynous stamens. Pistillate flowers with 2-5 distinct pistils, 

 rarely with some stamens. Carpels 2-ovuled. Pods 2-valved, 1-2-seeded. Seeds 

 short, black and shining. [Greek, yellow-wood.) (About 150 species, of 

 temperate and tropical regions. Type species: Zanthoxylum Clava-herculis L. 



1. Zanthoxylum flavum Vahl., 

 YELLOW- WOOD. SATIN-WOOD. (Fig. 

 221.) An unarmed evergreen shrub 

 or smooth-barked tree, with spread- 

 ing branches, its twigs, foliage and 

 inflorescence tomentose, or glabrate 

 in age. Leaf-blades pinnately com- 

 pound, 4'-12' long; leaflets 5-11, the 

 blades oblong or ovate, or the ter- 

 minal one oval, 14'-3' long, obtuse, 

 rounded at the apex, slightly crenate 

 or nearly entire, inequilateral, short- 

 petioled, shining above, pubescent with 

 stellate hairs when young, becoming 

 glabrous; panicles 3'-6' long; pedicels 

 A"-li" long; flowers in terminal 

 cymes ; calyx about \" broad ; sepals 

 triangular-ovate, acutish; petals 5, 

 oblong or oblong-ovate, recurved, 

 thickish; stamens longer than the 

 petals ; ovary glandular-punctate ; 

 carpels obovoid, 3" long, glandular- 

 punctate ; seeds lenticular, 2" broad, 

 faintly reticulated, black. [Zantlwx- 

 alum (immoiifum of Yen-ill ; Z. Clava-Herculis of Lefroy and of H. B. Small.] 



Rocky woodlands between Harrington Sound and Castle Harbor. Two large 

 trees and some 15 small ones known only. Native. Florida and the West Indies. 

 Flowers in autumn. 



The large tree recorded by Lefroy as 30^ inches in girth about 1872, was, 

 in December, 1912, 33 inches (83 em.) in girth; it bears Lef roy 's initials 

 (RHL), presumably cut by himself; it had thus increased less than 3 inches 

 in girth in 40 years. This tree flowered and fruited abundantly in September, 

 1913. The species was much more widely distributed in Bermuda many years 



:T 



