RUTACEAE. 



201 



ago, but nearly exterminated by cutting for its valuable lumber, which was 

 exported to England; this business was restricted by gubernatorial proclama- 

 tion as early as 1632. Old records prove the occurrence of large trees on 

 Cooper's Island and on Ireland Island prior to 1693. 



2. CITRUS L. 



Shrubs and trees, with more or less spinescent branches, pervaded by a 

 fragrant volatile oil. Leaves persistent, 1-foliolate, leathery; the petiole often 

 winged. Flowers perfect, regular, axillary. Sepals united into a cup-like calyx. 

 Petals 5 or rarely 4-8, white, at least within, deciduous. Stamens 20-60; 

 filaments inserted around an annular or cup-like disk. Ovary several-celled, 

 superior; styles united, deciduous. Ovules several in each cavity. Berries 

 with a bitter oily rind. Seeds pale, several in each cavity (wanting in seedless 

 races); endosperm none; embryo with fleshy cotyledons. [Greek, citron.] 

 Some 30 described species, natives of Asia. Type species: Citrus medico, L. 



Petiole-wings broad ; fruit subglobose. 



1. C. i-nli/aiift. 



Petiole-wings narrow ; fruit oblong, com- 

 monly pointed. 2. C. Limonum. 



1. Citrus vulgaris Eisso. BITTER 

 ORANGE. (Fig. 222.) A tree, up to 

 25 high, the young branches armed 

 with thorns. Leaflet ovate, 2J'-5' 

 long, acute or acuminate, the petiole 

 broadly winged ; flowers in cymes, 

 fragrant, the oblong petals about 9" 

 long; fruit subglobose, 3 '-4' long, its 

 thick rind bitter, its pulp bitter and 

 sour. [C. bigaradia Loisel.] 



Woodlands and hillsides. Natural- 

 ized. Native of southern Asia. Natural- 

 ized in Florida and in the West Indies. 

 Flowers in spring and summer. 



2. Citrus Limonum (L.) Risso. 

 LEMON. (Fig. 223.) A tree up 

 to 20 high, the branches com- 

 monly thorny. Leaflet ovate or 

 elliptic, 4' long or less, crenate, 

 acute or rounded ; petiole nar- 

 rowly winged ; flowers solitary or 

 in pairs in the axils; petals usu- 

 ally purplish without ; fruit ob- 

 long or ellipsoid, '2A'-4' long, usu- 

 ally pointed, the rind thin, the 

 pulp sour. [C. Medico, Limon L.] 



Woodlands and hillsides. Spon- 

 taneous after cultivation and nat- 

 uralized. Native of southern Asia. 

 Flowers in spring and summer. 



