SALICACEAE. 95 



Order 3. SALICALES. 



Trees or shrubs, with imperfect small flowers in aments. Sepals and 

 petals none. Leaves simple. Fruit a many-seeded capsule. Seeds with 

 a tuft of hairs at one end. 



Family 1. SALICACEAE Lindl. 

 WILLOW FAMILY. 



Dioecious trees or shrubs with light wood, bitter bark, brittle twigs, 

 and alternate stipulate leaves, the stipules often minute and caducous. 

 Flowers solitary in the axil of each bract. Staminate flowers consisting 

 of from one to numerous stamens inserted on the receptacle, subtended 

 by a gland-like or cup-shaped disk; anthers 2-celled, the sacs longitudi- 

 nally dehiscent. Pistillate aments sometimes raceme-like; pistillate flowers 

 of a 1-celled ovary subtended by a minute disk; placentae 2-4, parietal; 

 ovules usually numerous, anatropous; stigmas 2-4, simple or 2 4-cleft. 

 Seeds small or minute, provided with a dense coma of long, mostly white, 

 silky hairs. Endosperm none. Cotyledons plano-convex. Radicle short. 

 The family includes only the 2 following genera, consisting of 200 species 

 or more, mostly natives of the north temperate and arctic zones. There 

 are no native nor naturalized species of this relationship in the Bermuda 

 flora. 



Salix babylonica L., WEEPING WILLOW, brought to Bermuda about 1830, 

 is a large tree with slender drooping branches and deciduous lanceolate leaves 

 4'-7' long, native of Asia; it is occasional in wet soil along fresh-water marshes. 

 Trees 30 high were seen in Pembroke Marsh in 1914. 



Salix chilensis Molino [S. Humboldtiana Willd.], CARACAS WILLOW, HUM- 

 BOLDT'S WILLOW, a small South American tree with erect branches and smaller 

 evergreen leaves, is planted for interest. 



Populus italica Moench, LOMBARDY POPLAR, European, with large deltoid 

 leaves and nearly upright branches, recently introduced, suckers freely and 

 grows rapidly in wet grounds. The aments (catkins) of Populus differ from 

 those of Salix by the floral bracts being fimbriate or lacerate, and the stami- 

 nate flowers having many stamens. Reade notes that the WHITE POPLAR 

 (Populus alba L.), also European, was said to grow at Camden prior to 1883, 

 and it is mentioned by Jones in 1873. 



Order 4. MYRICALES. 



Shrubs or trees, with simple leaves and small monoecious or dioecious 

 flowers in aments. Perianth none. Ovary 1-celled; style short; stigmas 

 2. Ovule erect, orthotropous. Endosperm none. Only one family. 



Family 1. MYRICACEAE Dumort. 



BAYBERRY FAMILY. 



Leaves alternate, mostly coriaceous and aromatic. Flowers solitary in 

 the axils of the bracts. Staminate flower with 2-16 (usually 4-8) stamens 

 inserted on the receptacle ; filaments short ; anthers ovate, 2-celled, the sacs 

 longitudinally dehiscent. Ovary subtended by 2-8 bractlets ; stigmas linear. 



