CEASSULACEAE. 



159 



Petals valvate in the bud. Fam. 10. MIMOSACEAE. 



(Petals imbricated in the bud; Gledltsia in the 

 Caesalpiniaceae). 



b. Flowers irregular (nearly or quite regular in Gleditsia). 



Fruit a legume ; upper petal enclosed by the lateral 



ones in the bud ; leaves compound. Fam. 11. CAESALPIMACEAE. 



Fruit a legume or loment ; upper petal enclosing the 

 lateral ones in the bud; leaves compound (some- 

 times 1-foliolate). Fam. 12. FABACEAE. 



Family 1. CRASSULACEAE DC. 



ORPINE FAMILY. 



Herbs, or somewhat shrubby plants, mostly fleshy or succulent, with 

 cymose or rarely solitary regular or symmetrical flowers. Stipules none. 

 Calyx persistent, free from the ovary or ovaries, 45-cleft or 4r-5-parted. 

 Petals equal in number to the calyx-lobes, distinct, or slightly united at the 

 base. Stamens of the same number or twice as many as the petals; 

 anthers longitudinally dehiscent. Carpels equal in number to the sepals, 

 distinct, or united below; styles subulate or filiform; ovules numerous. 

 Follicles 1-celled, dehiscent along the ventral suture. Seeds minute; endo- 

 sperm fleshy; cotyledons short, obtuse. About 30 genera and 600 species, 

 of wide geographic distribution. 



Calyx much inflated, 4-toothed. 

 Calyx scarcely inflated, 4-parted. 



1. Bryophyllum. 



2. Kalanchoe. 



1. BRYOPHYLLUM Salisb. 



Erect herbs, the leaves opposite, simple or pinnately compound; the leaf- 

 lets mostly toothed. Flowers perfect, often showy, nodding, in cymes or panicles 

 opposite the branches. Calyx inflated, 4-toothed. Corolla nearly campanulate, 

 or urn-shaped, the narrow limb with 4 spreading lobes. Stamens 8, in 2 series, 

 adnate to about the middle of the corolla-tube; filaments filiform; anthers 

 mostly exserted. Carpels 4, distinct or partially united. Ovules many. Fol- 

 licles 4. Seeds numerous. [Greek, sprouting leaf.] Four known species, of 

 South Africa and Madagascar, the following typical. 



1. Bryophyllum pinnatum (Lam.) 

 Kurz. LIFE PLANT. FLOPPERS. (Fig. 

 184.) Perennial, glabrous. Stems l-6 

 tall, branched; leaf -blades often pin- 

 nately compound, 4'-12' long; leaflets 

 oblong, oval or elliptic, obtuse, crenate, 

 the terminal one several times longer 

 than the lateral ones ; panicles 4'-18' 

 long, conspicuous; calyx bladder-like, 

 finally oblong-campanulate, li' long, 

 glabrous ; corolla reddish, twice as long 

 as the calyx or shorter, its lobes lanceo- 

 late or narrowly ovate, acute. [Cotyle- 

 don pinnatum Lam. ; B. calycinum Salisb.] 



Walls, thickets, woodlands and waste 

 grounds, almost ubiquitous in Bermuda, 

 striking roots and growing freely from 

 leaves, stems or their fragments. Nat- 

 uralized from Old World tropics, recorded 

 as first introduced in 1813, soon becoming 

 a pernicious weed. Naturalized in Florida 

 and the West Indies. Flowers from winter 

 to summer. 



